电池位置纵向可调的电动拖拉机设计与试验

针对传统燃油拖拉机作业不可再生资源消耗大、环境污染严重以及人工调节配重费时费力等问题,基于世超1YZS150型燃油拖拉机底盘设计了一种电池位置纵向可调的电动拖拉机。电动拖拉机主要由电池、驱动电机、电机控制器、速度仪表、急停开关、BMS仪表、V型皮带、加速踏板、换挡杆、底盘、电池位置纵向调节机构及充电/DC-DC一体机等组成。分别对驱动电机、电池、电池位置纵向调节机构等关键部件进行了设计、样机试制并进行性能试验。试验结果表明:电动拖拉机最高行驶速度为21.3km/h,通过电池位置纵向调节可提升13.2%的牵引力,最大牵引力为4020N,可克服的最大犁耕阻力为3557N,功能性能均满足设计要求,可为电动拖拉机的设计及研发提供理论依据和技术支撑。

Design and Test of Electric Tractor with Battery Position Longitudinally Adjustable Mechanism

In order to solve the problems of traditional fuel oil tractor,such as high consumption of non-renewable resources,serious environmental pollution and time-consuming and laborious manual adjustment of ballast,an electric tractor with longitudinal adjustment mechanism of battery position was designed based on the chassis of model 1YZS150 fuel oil tractor.The electric tractor was mainly composed of electric battery,driving motor,motor controller,speed meter,emergency stop switch,BMS meter,V-belt,acceleration pedal,shift lever,chassis,longitudinal adjustment mechanism of battery position,charging/DC-DC all-in-one machine,etc.In this paper,the key components such as driving motor,battery and battery position longitudinal adjusting mechanism were designed,prototype was manufactured and performance test was carried out.The test results showed that the maximum driving speed of the electric tractor was 21.3km/h.Through the longitudinal adjustment of the battery position,the traction force could be increased by 13.2%,and the maximum traction force was 4020N.The maximum ploughing resistance that could be overcome is 3557N,and the function and performance met the design requirements,providing theoretical basis and technical support for the design and development of electric tractors.