早春马铃薯机械化生产模式试验研究

为改变山东部分地区早春马铃薯机械化水平较低的现状,在滕州市选取105cm垄距大垄双行、85cm垄距一垄一行、65 cm垄距一垄一行3种机械化生产模式进行对比试验.在播种试验中选取班次生产率、漏播指数、重播指数、种薯间距合格指数等指标,在生长期选取株高、侧枝数等指标,在收获试验中选取班次生产率、明薯率、漏挖率、伤薯率、破...

Experimental Study on Mechanized Production Mode of Spring Potato

To change the low mechanization level of early spring potato in some areas of Shandong Province,three mechanized production modes of 105 cm long ridge double row,85 cm long ridge one row,and 65 cm long ridge one row were selected for comparative test in Tengzhou City. In the sowing experiment,measures such as the productivity of shift,leak index and repeat sowing index,qualified index of seed potato spacing,in the growth period,measures such as the plant height,number of lateral branches,in the harvest experiment,the productivity of shift,obvious rate,missed excavation rate,damaged rate,skin breaking rate,yield,and the proportion of 100-300 g( M) potatoes were selected to comprehensively evaluate the three mechanized production modes the adaptability of machines and tools,the growth trend and benefit of potato were improved.Results show that 65 cm long ridge one row of mechanization production mode,the yield of the potato is 3911.6 kg/hm²,M potato accounted for 59%,potato harvest when buried,missed excavation rate,damaged rate,skin breaking rate,four indicators were 1.0%,0.23%,1.24%,0. Comprehensive look at its highest growth,output and benefit,and mechanized harvesting operation efficiency,operation quality is best,the disadvantage is that suitable seeder is less,and the operation efficiency and operation quality is poorer. In the mechanized production mode of85 cm long ridge one row,the potato growth,yield and benefit were slightly lower,and the efficiency of mechanized sowing was higher,but the disadvantage was that the operation quality of mechanized harvesting was poor. In the mechanized production mode of 105 cm long ridge double row,the quality of mechanized sowing was better,but the potato yield was significantly lower than the previous two,which would seriously affect the planting income. This experiment can provide a reference for early spring potato growers to choose suitable mechanized production mode according to their conditions.