池塘低盐养殖点篮子鱼肌肉营养成分的分析与评价

点篮子鱼(Siganus guttatus)在低盐池塘中养殖102 d后,对其营养成分及其品质进行了分析和评价。结果表明,点篮子鱼新鲜肌肉中水分、粗灰分、粗蛋白和粗脂肪的质量分数分别为(75.17±0.87)%、(0.60±0.08)%、(22.33±0.50)%和(1.96±0.13)%;其肌肉干样中共检出19种氨基酸,总量为(89.03±0.36)%,其中,必需氨基酸总量为(34.26±0.12)%,占总氨基酸含量的38.49%,半必需氨基酸总量为(7.39±0.10)%,非必需氨基酸总量为(46.50±0.48)%,必需氨基酸与非必需氨基酸的比值为73.68%。可见,低盐度养殖点篮子鱼的必需氨基酸构成比例符合联合国粮农组织/世界卫生组织(FAO/WHO)的标准。根据氨基酸品质评价,其第一限制性氨基酸为色氨酸,第二限制性氨基酸为缬氨酸,必需氨基酸指数为75.44。低盐度养殖的点篮子鱼肌肉干样中鲜味氨基酸总量为(33.97±0.32)%,占总氨基酸含量的38.15%。综合来看,低盐度养殖的点篮子鱼必需氨基酸营养组成合理,鲜味氨基酸含量丰富,是一种营养丰富、味道鲜美的理想养殖对象。

Analysis and evaluation of nutritional components in muscle of Siganus guttatus reared in low salinity pond

Proximate composition and amino acids in the muscle of Siganus guttatus reared in low salinity pond for 102 days were tested and analyzed.Samples of 40 individuals were of body length(10.02±0.77) cm and body weight(36.23±8.41) g.The results showed that content of moisture,crude ash,crude protein and crude fat in fresh muscle were(75.17±0.87)%,(0.60±0.08)%,(22.33±0.50)% and(1.96±0.13)%,respectively.The muscle contained 19 common amino acids,including taurine,and 18 amino acids for composition of protein.The total content of amino acids was(89.03±0.36) %;the essential amino acids(EAA) was(34.26±0.12) %;the half-essential amino acids(HEAA) was(7.39±0.10) % and the nonessential amino acids(NEAA) was(46.50±0.48) %.The percentage of essential amino acids to total amino acids was 38.49 % and that to nonessential amino acids was 73.68 %.It was apparent that the content of the different amino acids was stable and the constitutional rate of the essential amino acids accorded with the FAO /WHO standard.According to nutritional evaluation in amino acids score(AAS) and chemical score(CS),the first limited amino acid was Trp,and the second limited amino acid was Val;the essential amino acids index(EAAI) was 75.44.In dry samples,the content of four kinds delicious amino acids(DAA) was(33.97±0.32) %,and the percentage of delicious amino acids in total amino acids were 38.15%.The composition of essential amino acids in the muscle of S.guttatus was reasonable and the delicious amino acids was rich.In conclusion,this investigation indicated that S.guttatus reared in low salinity pond was a nutritive and delicious kind of fish for food,thus it was a good aquaculture species.