甘蓝型油菜花的蜜腺发育与传粉的协调性研究

ttttt目的ttttt本研究以滇早油16 (DZY16)、滇油1号(DY1)、花油8号(HY8)、ZY511和黄矮早(HAZ)为供试材料，对其花蜜的泌蜜量、化学成分及含量进行检测与分析，以期为研究油菜花蜜对籽粒产量影响提供理论基础。ttttttttttttt方法ttttt采用离心法对不同油菜品种的单花花蜜进行采集与测定；利用显微镜以及相关软件测定蜜腺面积；采用蒽酮比色法测定总糖含量；用高效液相色谱法测定葡萄糖、果糖、蔗糖和海藻糖含量；用分光光度计法测定类黄酮含量；用BCA法测定蛋白质含量。ttttttttttttt结果ttttt不同油菜品种中，滇油1号单花泌蜜量和单花蜜腺面积显著高于其他品种，同时不同油菜品种单花泌蜜量与单花蜜腺面积间呈极显著正相关(P<0.01)，相关系数达0.956。
不同油菜品种花蜜的糖类、类黄酮和蛋白质含量差异显著，其中滇油1号和滇早油16的总糖、蔗糖、葡萄糖、果糖、海藻糖和麦芽糖含量显著高于其他品种；滇早油16的类黄酮含量和滇油1号的蛋白质含量显著高于其他品种。tttttttttttttttttt结论ttttt通过对油菜花蜜的单花泌蜜量、单花蜜腺面积以及化学成分的研究，在油菜育种中可考虑选育吸引昆虫访花授粉的品种来提高产量，为油菜新品种选育和增产提供新的评价指标。tttt

Dark,bitter-tasting nectar functions as a filter of flower visitors in a bird-pollinated plant

tttttPurposetttttIn this study, five rapeseed cultivars, DZY16, DY1, HY8, ZY511 and HAZ were used as the test materials to analyze their secretion, chemical component and content of nectar, which provided a theoretical basis for study on the effects of rapeseed nectar on seed yield.tttttttttttttMethodtttttCentrifugal method was adopted to collect single flower nectar from different rapeseed cultivars; the area of nectary was measured by microscope and related software; the total sugar content was determined by anthrone colorimetry; the contents of glucose, fructose, sucrose and trehalose were determined by high performance liquid chromatography; the content of flavonoids was determined by spectrophotometer; the protein content was determined by BCA method.tttttttttttttResulttttttThe amount of honey per flower and the nectary area of DY1 were significantly higher than other cultivars. Meanwhile, there was a significant positive correlation between nectar secretion per flower and nectary area per flower in different rapeseed cultivars (P<0.
01), and the correlation coefficient was 0.956. The contents of total sugar, sucrose, glucose, fructose, trehalose and maltose in nectar of DY1 and DZY16 were significantly higher than those of other cultivars, and the flavonoids contents of DZY16 and the protein contents of DY1 were significantly higher than those of other cultivars.ttttttttttttttttttConclusiontttttThrough the study on nectar secretion per flower, nectary gland area per flower and nectar chemical component of rapeseed, we can consider breeding cultivars that attract insect pollination to improve seed yield in rapeseed breeding, which provided a new evaluation index for breeding new cultivars and yield increase of rapeseed.tttt