溢油污染对蟹类幼体的急性毒性效应

[目的]了解不同油品对2种蟹类的毒性效应。[方法]选择国内外常见的4种原油和4种燃料油，通过油类母液制备和试验液配制，采用半静态试验法，研究不同油品对三疣梭子蟹和锯缘青蟹2种蟹类幼体的毒性效应。[结果]4种原油中,TJ016、TJ015、TJ014、TJ002对三疣梭子蟹和锯缘青蟹2种幼蟹的96h LC50分别为1450．095和4937．369mg／L、744．342和4008．723mg／L、241．671和1254．620mg／L、926．612和1181．351mg／L。4种燃料油中，-20^#柴油、F380、F120、F180对2种幼蟹的96h LC50分别为1195．187和405．04mg／L、172．168和5497．524mg／L、61．754和287．524mg／L、12．989和320．873mg／L。[结论]8种油对三疣梭子蟹的毒性效应的大小顺序是：F180〉F120〉F380〉TJ014〉TJ015〉TJ002〉-20^#柴油〉TJ016，除-20^#柴油外，燃料油比原油的毒性效应大；8种油对锘缘青蟹的毒性效应的大小顺序是：F120〉F180〉-20^#柴油〉TJ002〉TJ014〉TJ015〉F380〉TJ016，除F380外，燃料油比原油的毒性效应大。

Acute Toxicity Effects of Spilled Petroleum Pollution on Crab Larvae

[Objective] The aim of the study was to find out the toxicity effects of different oil products on two kinds of crab.[Method] 4 kinds of crude petroleum and 4 kinds of fuel oil common at home and abroad were selected to study the toxicity effects of different oil products on the larvae of Portunus trituberculatus and Scylla serrata.[Result] Among 4 kinds of crude oil,the 96 h LC50 of the larvae of P.trituberculatus and S.serrata stressed by TJ016,TJ015,TJ014 and TJ002 were 1 450.095 and 4 937.369 mg/L,744.342 and 4 008.723 mg/L,241.671 and 1 254.620 mg/L,926.612 and 1 181.351 mg/L resp.Among 4 kinds of fuel oil,the 96 h LC50 of tow crabs stressed by No.-20 fue1 oil,F380,F120,F180 were 1 195.187 and 405.041 mg/L,172.168 and 5 497.524 mg/L,61.754 and 287.524 mg/L, 12.989 and 320.873 mg/L.[Conclusion] The toxicity intensity of 8 kinds of oil for the larvae of P.trituberculatus in order were F180>F120>F380>TJ014>TJ015>TJ002>No.-20 fue1 oil>TJ016 and that for the larvae of S.serrata in order were F120>F180>No.-20 fue1 oil>TJ002>TJ014>TJ015>F380>TJ016.