利用红外相机调查五道峡自然保护区鸟兽资源及节律特征

为掌握五道峡国家级自然保护区的鸟兽资源情况，布设62台红外相机进行野生动物资源监测。调查发现，1 433张独立有效照片共记录兽类7目、12科、19种，物种相对丰富度指数前5位的是小麂、中华斑羚、野猪、猪獾和花面狸；记录到鸟类5目、14科、33种，物种相对丰富度前3位的是红腹锦鸡、白冠长尾雉和松鸦。节律特征分析结果表明，夏季物种丰富度显著高于冬季(P<0.05)，与春季、秋季差异不明显，野生动物在夏季活动频繁，冬季动物活动频率较低；小麂、中华斑羚和野猪在早晨和黄昏活动频繁，属昼行晨昏型动物，白冠长尾雉和红腹锦鸡活动集中于早晨和黄昏。3种偶蹄目兽类的日活动节律重叠程度的分析结果表明，3个优势物种间日活动节律表现为中等程度的重叠，相互间存在不同程度的竞争。以期掌握五道峡国家级自然保护区鸟兽资源和节律信息，为保护区生物多样性保护与持续监测提供依据。

Investigating Bird and Animal Resources and Rhythm Characteristics in Wudaoxia Nature Reserve with Infrared Cameras

In order to grasp the situation of bird and animal resources in Wudaoxia National Nature Reserve, 62 infrared cameras were deployed for wildlife resource monitoring. The survey found that 1 433 independent and effective photos recorded 19 species, 12 families and 7 orders of mammals , the top 5 species in the relative abundance index were Muntiacus reevesi, Naemorhedus griseus, Sus scrofa, Arctonyx collaris and Paguma larvata; 33 species, 14 families, and 5 orders of birds were recorded, and the top 3 species in relative abundance index were Chrysolophus pictus, Syrmaticus reevesii and Garrulus glandarius. The analysis of rhythm characteristics showed that the species abundance in summer was significantly higher than that in winter (P<0.05), and was not significantly different from spring and autumn;wildlife activities were frequent in summer, while the frequency of animal activity in winter was relatively low; Muntiacus reevesi, Naemorhedus griseus and Sus scrofa were active frequently in the morning and dusk, belonging to the diurnal twilight type animals, and the activities of Syrmaticus reevesii and Chrysolophus pictus were concentrated in the morning and dusk. The analysis results of the overlap degree of the daily activity rhythms of the three cloven-hoofed beasts showed that the daily activity rhythms of the three dominant species showed a moderate degree of overlap, and there were different degrees of competition among each other. This paper basically mastered the types and rhythm information of bird and animal resources in Wudaoxia National Nature Reserve, which provided a basis for biodiversity conservation and continuous monitoring in the reserve.