生长调节剂对欧洲鹅耳枥水培生根的影响

【目的】筛选适合欧洲鹅耳枥水培生根的植物生长调节剂处理方法,并讨论欧洲鹅耳枥水培苗与土培苗的差异,为欧洲鹅耳枥生根机制研究及进一步生理生化研究提供理论基础。【方法】以欧洲鹅耳枥硬枝枝条为试材,研究不同植物生长调节剂种类、质量浓度和处理时间对生根率、愈伤组织率、存活率、平均根数、平均根长、皮部生根枝条率、皮部平均根数、切口平均根数的影响及生根过程中的指标动态,并研究水培苗与土培苗形态、生理、根显微结构的区别。【结果】欧洲鹅耳枥水培既存在切口生根,也存在皮部生根,可通过不同的生长调节剂来诱导不同的生根方式。欧洲鹅耳枥水培生根最佳的生长调节剂处理方式为800 mg/L ABT1处理1 h,在此条件下,欧洲鹅耳枥枝条生根率60.14%,愈伤组织率75.25%,存活率96.67%,其生根方式主要为切口生根,生根数量较少但粗壮,大小一致,便于标准化生产;采用1 200 mg/L NAA浸泡1 h的处理方式,获得的水培苗全部为皮部生根,生根数量多但较细弱,发根位置不定,有大量根很长,不适合移植土壤但适合水培观赏根系。水培苗根含水量是土培苗根含水量的1.90倍,水培苗的根系活力显著低于土培。水培根系呈白色至浅褐色,基本没有木质化,不定根长且直,二级根少且短,缺少三级根,缺少角质层,且皮层的薄壁细胞体积大、形状不规则、排列疏松,维管柱占根横截面积比例较小。【结论】欧洲鹅耳枥水培既存在切口生根,也存在皮部生根,可通过不同的生长调节剂来诱导不同的生根方式。欧洲鹅耳枥水培苗与土培苗相比,根系形态及显微结构都发生明显变化。

Effects of hormone on rooting in hydroponic culture of Carpinus betulus

【Objective】In order to provide a theoretical basis for the study of rooting mechanism of Carpinus betulus and further physiological and biochemical research, the treatment methods of plant growth regulators suitable for hydroponic rooting of Carpinus Carpinus were selected and the differences between hydroponic and soil cultured seedlings of Carpinus betulus were discussed. 【Method】Carpinus betulus hardwood branches was used as test material, in hydroponic conditions, studied the dynamic process and effects of hormone types, concentrations and treatment time on rooting rate, callus rate, survival rate, average root number, average root length, phloem rooting rate, phloem average root number and incision average root number. The differences of physiological characteristics, morphological and anatomical structure of characteristics under the soil and hydroponic conditions were compared.【Result】There were not only incision rooting but also skin rooting in water culture of Carpinus betulus and different rooting types could be induced by different exogenous hormones treatment. The suitable rooting endogenous hormone treatment was ABT1 with the concentration of 800 mg/L to treat the branches for 1 h. Under this treatment, the rooting rate was 60.14%, the callus rate was 75.25%, and the survival rate was 96.67%. Under this treatment, the main rooting method was incision rooting, the number of rooting was small, but roots were thick and the size of roots were the same, which were convenient for standardized production. Under the treatment of NAA with the concentration of 1 200 mg/L to treat the branches for 1 h, all roots came from phloem, the number of roots were large but weak, the location of roots was uncertain, and a large number of roots were very long, which were not suitable for transplanting soil but suitable for hydroponics and ornamental roots cultivation. The moisture content of roots in water culture was 1.90 times that in soil culture. In water culture, the adventitious roots were long and straight, the secondary roots were few and short, the third roots were absent, the cuticle was absent, and the parenchyma cells in cortex were large, irregular in shape, loose in arrangement, and the proportion of vascular columns in the root cross-sectional area was small.【Conclusion】In water culture of Carpinus betulus, there were not only incision rooting but also skin rooting. Different growth regulators could induce different rooting ways. Compared with soil culture seedlings, the root morphology and root microscopic structure of hydroponic seedling were changed distinctly.