GnRH and gpcr: laser-captured single cell gene profiling |
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Authors: | Ishwar S Parhar |
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Institution: | (1) School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway, 46150 Petaling Jaya, Malaysia |
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Abstract: | We have developed a novel single cell real-time quantitative PCR technique, which incorporates harvesting marker-identified
single cells using laser-capture. Here, for the first time in a vertebrate species, using this innovative single cell gene
profiling technique, we report the presence of G-protein coupled receptors in individual gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH)
neurons and endocrine cells of the pituitary of the tilapia Oreochromis niloticus. The differential expression of multiple combinations of three GnRH receptor types (R1, R2 and R3) in individual gonadotropic
and nongonadotropic cells demonstrates cellular and functional heterogeneity. The differential use of GnRH receptors in corticotropes,
melanotropes and thyrotropes during gonadal maturation and reproductive behaviors suggests new roles for these hormones. Further,
we provide evidence of the structure of a novel nonmammalian G-protein coupled receptor (GPR54) for kisspeptins, encoded by
Kiss-1 gene, which is highly conserved during evolution and expressed in GnRH1, GnRH2 and GnRH3 neurons. We hypothesize GPR54
stimulates GnRH secretion and is crucial for pubertal maturation. We speculate, the use of this method will allow the identification
and quantification of known and unknown genes in single cells, which would greatly facilitate our understanding of the complex
interactions that govern the physiology of individual cells in vertebrates species. |
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Keywords: | Pituitary Preoptic Midbrain Olfactory POMC Receptors GPR54 Kisspeptins |
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