土地开发对农田土壤养分和盐分变异特征的影响

利用地统计学方法研究了新疆库尔勒市包头湖农场土地开发后土壤空间变异特征。结果表明:土地开发后种植区的土壤有机质和盐分降低,有效磷含量增加,碱解氮含量变化不大;尤其是土地开发后撂荒地土壤有机质含量下降明显。土壤盐分与有机质、碱解氮及速效钾的含量均呈显著正相关,与有效磷呈显著负相关。因此,土地开发后需增施有机肥,补充钾肥,并尽可能不撂荒。

Effects of land development on spatial variation of farmland nutrients and salinity

The spatial variability of soil properties after land development was studied with geostatistics method. The results showed that the contents of soil organic matter and soil salinity of topsoil decreased, the available P content increased while the available N content changed little due to land development. Especially, once the land was abandoned, the organic matter content of topsoil reduced significantly. The relationships between soil salinity content and the contents of the organic matter, available N and available K were significantly positive correlation, but there was negative correlation between soil salinity content and the available P content in the topsoil of farmland. Therefore, it is necessary for farmland to increase organic manure and supply potassium fertilizer, and could not to be abandoned after land development.