甘蓝型油菜产量构成因素与高产育种途径的研究

本文用遗传相关、遗传通径分忻、多元线性回归等分析方法,用电子计算机对八个甘蓝型油菜(Brassicanapus L.)品种的十个植株性状进行了统计分析,同时,根据各性状的遗传力和遗传变异系数,提出高产育种的选择方法。本试验结果表明,单株产量受多因素影响,其中单株有效角果数、每角粒数、千粒重和株高对单株产量的直接影响显著,且为正值。其他性状对单株产量的直接影响不显著。育种中,早期应进行株高的选择,中后期分别对单株有效角果数、千粒重和每角粒数进行连续的定向选择,同时还应考虑各性状间的遗传相关,以选出高产的油菜新品种。

Study on Seed Yield Components and Breeding for High-yield in Rape (B.napus L.)

The characters of 8 rape(B.napus L.)varieties were analysed using the genetic correlation,path-coefficient and multiple linear regression.Selection procedures in the breeding for high-yield were put forward based on the heritability and genetic variance coefficient of various characters.The results indicated that many factors affected seed yield per plant,and positive direct significance was found between seed yield per plant and effective pods per plant,kernels per pod,1000-kernel weight,and plant height.In breeding,it is necessary to make selection on the plant height at early stage,to make continuous oriented selections on effective pods per plant,1000-kernel weight and kernels per pod at medium and late stages,respectively.Genetic correlations between the various characters should be considered in the meantime to selected the new high-yielding varieties.