峡谷区高拱坝射流入射水垫塘冲击压力特性的试验研究

表深孔下泄水流的横向收缩及垂向和纵向扩散效果显著,射流在空中相互交错、基本不发生碰撞;射流纵向拉伸明显,水垫塘强紊动剪切区增大,有效减轻了水垫塘底板冲击动压。同时,对4种不同流量比的表深孔射流进行研究表明,随着上下游射流流量比的逐渐增大,在不同的下游水位下底孔射流产生的最大冲击压力均相应减小。

The Impact Pressure Characteristic Research on Jet-flows of High Arc Dams in Gorge Areas

The experimental result shows that the transverse shrinkage and longitudinal diffusing of the discharging flow is remarkable,and the jet-flows cross in air without any collision;meanwhile,the longitudinal tensile appearance is obviously,and the strong turbulence shear area of the water cushion pond increases,which effectively decreases the impact pressure endured by the bottom of the water cushion pond.Meanwhile,the experiment result of the four different deep-hole jet-flows shows that the maximum impact pressure exerted by bottom jet-flows in the lower part of the river decreases respectively following the flow-rate increases alongside upper and lower part of the river.At the same time,the quicker the flow-rate increases,the less pressure to the bottom of the water cushion pond becomes.