黄山松地理种源性状的变异规律

经对4个试点3个年度营造的黄山松地理种源试验林的调查和方差、典型相关,逐步回归及趋势面分析,结果表明黄山松种内存在着丰富的遗传变异。树高,粗,冠幅生长,1级侧枝数,针叶长度,结实株率,兼生树脂道百分率等性状在种源间都有显著的差异。这些变异与种源产地地理、气候上的不同密切相关。树高,粗生长以及与之相关的一些性状呈经纬双向渐变,表现为从南到北、从东到西种源的生长量逐渐减少、球果变大的地理变异规律;1级侧枝数量主要呈垂直变异,结实株率则为经向渐变,兼生树脂道百分率变异与纬度有关,除此一定的地理渐变外,还存在生态型变异。经逐步回归分析表明:影响各性状变异的主要气候因子是年降水量,年日照时数,其次为年平均气温和无霜期。

The Patterns of Trait Variation of Taiwan Pine Provenances

With five statistical methods as variance, canonical correlation, trend-surface analysis and stepwise regression etc., the pattern of intras- pecific geographic variation of Pinns taiwanensis are studied in this paper, based on the investigation on the provenance test plantation of 3 years replication in 4 sites, Zhejiang Province. The results show that there are abundant genetic variation within the pine and significant difference among provenances in tree height,diameter,crown diameter,lateral branch, length of needle, percent of cone-bearing individual etc. The height, diameter and those related to growth show double clinal pattern with longitude and latitude. The increment of provenance gradually diminish and the cone gradually become great from south to north and from east to west. Numbers of lateral branch mainly show vertical variation. Percent of cone-bearing individual shows clinal pattern with longitude. Variation of percent of mixed resin canals relates to latitude. In addition,there are ecotypic variation in the clinal trend. And the variation have obvious climatic characteristics. The dominant climatic variables effecting the variation of provenance are annual rainfall and annual sunshine hours. The secondary variables are annual mean temperature and frost-free period, etc.