陕西棉田烟粉虱发生为害与综合防治对策

2002~2004年,对陕西棉田烟粉虱的危害特点、发生规律及综合防治对策进行了系统研究。结果表明,烟粉虱在陕西棉田发生高峰期为8月下旬~9月上旬,田间分布以棉田边缘棉株上的发生数量明显大于中间棉株,在棉株上的垂直分布具有明显的层次性,其成虫及中老龄若虫在棉株上、中、下三部分的分布比例分别为53.6%、31.9%和14.5%。棚室蔬菜大面积发展是导致棉田烟粉虱危害加重的主要因素,抗虫棉种植后棉田用药量水平下降、生态环境多样化、棉田与棚室距离等直接影响棉田烟粉虱的发生数量。采用除草剂杀灭或人工清除田间及大棚周围杂草,棚室内高温闷杀,通风口设置防虫网,可有效减少虫源基数和虫口增殖,是降低大田棉花烟粉虱发生数量的关键措施;棉田烟粉虱发生初盛期的8月上旬,进行黄板诱杀,田间喷雾70%的艾美乐、25%阿克泰、25%扑虱灵、20%吡虫啉等化学药剂,并进行大面积联防联治,是控制棉田烟粉虱的有效措施。

Occurrence and Its Integrated Control Tactics of Bemisia tabaci in Cotton Fields of Shaanxi Province

Based on the systemically survey during 2002-2004,damage characters,occurrence regularity and the integrated control tactics of Bemisia tabaci in cotton field of Shaanxi province was studied.The result showed that there was a occurrence peak which appeared from the end of August to the beginning of September.The number of Bemisia tabaci in verge of field were more than in the middle cotton field.The vertical distribution among cotton had clear hierarchy,so the adult and old larva accounted for 53.6%,31.9%,and 14.5% on up,middle,and down parts of cotton.The development of planting vegetable in greenhouse with large areas led to severe damage in cotton field.The reducing of use pesticides on transgenic Bt cotton,the vary of ecological environment,and the distance from cotton field to greenhouse had directly effect on it''s number.Spraying herbicide or clearing away weed artificially in field and greenhouse,heating the greenhouse through sunshine for several days,and applying insect net on vent could effectively control the base number and it''s increasing,so these were key measures of controlling it were made by yellow trap,spraying 70% Admire,25% Actara,25% Bruprofezin,20 0 o Imidacloprid etc and uniting control.