菌渣还田对设施土壤微生物量碳、氮的影响

[目的]探究设施土壤微生物量碳、氮对菌渣还田的响应,为实现设施瓜菜生产的可持续发展提供理论依据和技术支持。[方法]以草菇菌渣为材料,在山东省莘县进行了田间试验,以常规鸡粪还田为对照(CON),设置5个菌渣(FR)还田量,研究菌渣还田对设施土壤有机碳(SOC)、全氮(TN)和微生量碳(MBC)、氮(MBN)的影响。[结果] 5个菌渣还田处理的菌渣使用量分别为15,30,45,60和75 t/hm~2)相比CON增加了SOC和TN。SOC分别增加了12.0%,11.2%,21.6%,33.1%和31.7%,TN分别增加了3.1%,6.3%,19.9%,29.4%和26.4%。除FR_1以外,其他4个菌渣还田处理相比增加了MBC和MBN,MBC分别增加了16.1%,19.9%,36.8%和50.7%,MBN分别增加了3.3%,37.7%,40.4%和60.9%。相比CON,高量菌渣还田处理增加了MBC/SOC和MBN/TN。相关分析表明,MBC,MBN与SOC和TN均呈极显著正相关。[结论]菌渣还田可以提高土壤有机碳、土壤全氮和土壤微生物碳、氮。土壤微生物碳、氮含量随着菌渣还田量的增加而增加,因此菌渣还田是提高设施土壤微生物活性及土壤肥力的有效措施。

Effects of Fungal Residue on Microbial Biomass Carbon and Nitrogen in Greenhouse Soil

[Objective] The response of microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen in greenhouse soil to the addition of fungal residue was studied in order to provide theoretical basis and technical support for the sustainable development of greenhouse production. [Methods] Field experiments were conducted in Shenxian County, Shandong Province, with six organic fertilizer treatments which application of chicken manure (CON) and five application rate of fungal residue (FR), to examine the effects of fungal residue on organic carbon (SOC), total nitrogen (TN), microbial biomass carbon (MBC) and nitrogen (MBN) in greenhouse soil. [Results] Compared with CON, the application of 5 fungal residue treatments (The usage of bacteria residues was 15, 30, 45, 60 and 75 t/hm² respectively) increased SOC by 12.0%, 11.2%, 21.6%, 33.1% and 31.7%, respectively, and increased TN by 3.1%, 6.3%, 19.9%, 29.4% and 26.4%, respectively. The later four treatments increased the MBC (16.1%, 19.9%, 36.8% and 50.7%) and the MBN (3.3%, 37.7%, 40.4% and 60.9%), compared to the CON treatment. There were significant positive correlations between MBC, MBN and SOC, TN. [Conclusion] The application of fungal residue could increase the contents of SOC, TN, MBC and MBN, and the content of MBC and MBN increased with the increase of fungal residue to the field. As a result, the appropriate application of fungal residue could improve the soil microbial activity and soil fertility in greenhouse soil.