南农92R系列小麦种质在甘肃陇南的条锈病和白粉病抗性表现及其利用价值

为了解南农92R系列小麦种质在甘肃陇南抗条锈病和白粉病的表现及其利用价值，本研究以南农92R系列小麦种质92R137、92R178为供试材料，以铭贤169为对照小麦品种，于2009年和2018年进行苗期和成株期抗条锈病和白粉病人工接种鉴定，于1999－2019年进行条锈病和白粉病自然诱发鉴定。结果发现，人工接种鉴定试验中，两个种质在2009年对条锈菌供试小种（菌系）在苗期、成株期的反应型均为0型，抗病性表现为免疫，2018年对条锈菌供试小种（菌系）CYR32、CYR33和中4的反应型为0型，抗病性表现为免疫，对CYR34及G22-14和混合菌的反应型为3~4型，表现为中感或高感； 2009年和2018年两个种质对白粉病均保持免疫到中抗水平。自然诱发试验中，自2012年始，两个种质对条锈病的反应总体上均呈感病趋势，反应型最高为4型；但两个种质对白粉病的抗性表现稳定，一直保持免疫到中抗水平。这些结果表明，92R137和92R178在甘肃陇南已不能作为抗条锈病种质资源利用，但仍可作为抗白粉病一线资源材料利用。

Performance and Utilization Value of NAU92R Series Wheat Lines in Resistance to Stripe Rust and Powdery Mildew in Southern Gansu Province

In order to understand the performance and utilization value of NAU92R series wheat lines resistant to stripe rust and powdery mildew in southern Gansu province,NAU92R series wheat lines 92R137 and 92R178 were selected as test materials, with Mingxian 169 as control. Identification of resistance to stripe rust and powdery mildew were carried out by artificial inoculation at seedling and adult stages in 2009 and 2018, and the identification of restripe rust and powdery mildew resistance were carried out from 1999 to 2019 under natural conditions. The results showed that in the artificial inoculation identification test, the response types of the two varieties to the tested races (strains) of stripe rust at seedling stage and adult stage in 2009 were all infection type 0, showing immunity to disease. In 2018, the response types of stripe rust to the tested races CYR32, CYR33 and Zhong 4 were infection type 0, showing immunity to disease, whereas the response types of CYR34, G22-14 and the mixed bacteria were infection type 3-4, showing moderate to high sensitivity. In 2009 and 2018, the two varieties were immune to powdery mildew. In the natural induction test, since 2012, the disease index of the two varieties to stripe rust showed an overall upward trend; the highest response type was type 4; however, the resistance of the two varieties to powdery mildew was stable, and kept immune to medium resistance. NAU92R series wheat can not be used as germplasm resources of resistance to stripe rust in southern Gansu province, but it still can be used as a resource material of resistance to powdery mildew.