长期定位施肥对盐化潮土土壤腐殖质组分的影响

本文以中国农业科学院禹城试验站轻壤质盐化潮土(黄河冲积平原土壤)的20年肥料长期定位试验为平台,系统研究了长期施用无机肥、有机肥及有机无机配施对土壤腐殖质形态和组分的影响。结果表明:长期施用有机肥不仅能显著或极显著提高土壤中有机碳、腐殖质及胡敏酸、富里酸的含量,而且能提高HA/FA比值,促进土壤有机碳活化与更新,改善腐殖质的品质,而且其含量随有机肥用量的增加而提高;长期施用化肥虽然也能在一定程度上提高土壤有机碳、胡敏酸等的含量,但其含量基本不受化肥用量增加的影响。在等氮量的条件下,长期有机无机肥配施比常量有机肥处理更能提高耕层土壤HA/FA。

Effect of Long-term Located Fertilization on Humus Compositions in Salinized Fluvo-aquic Soil

The experiment was designed to evaluate the influence of long-term located fertilization for 20 years on humus form and composition in light-loamy salinized fluvo-aquic soil(the Alluvial soils by the Yellow River).The results showed that long-term application of organic manure could increase the contents of organic carbon,humus humic acid and fulvic acid and the ratio of Humic acid-Fulvic acid(HA/FA) remarkablely,promote the activation and renewal of organic carbon in soil and improve the quality of soil humus,and the humus content increased with the use level of organic manure.Although chemical fertilizer had the similar effects on the contents of humus and its composition to some extent,their contents were not influenced by the amount of chemical fertilizer.At the same amount of nitrogens combined application of organic and inorganic fertilizers increased HA/FA in arable layer more than constant organic fertilizer.