木薯单株产量与主要农艺性状的相关性研究

探讨木薯单株产量与主要农艺性状的相关性,以提高木薯育种效率,为木薯品种选育奠定基础。采用13份木薯种质资源为试验材料,通过相关与通径分析等方法,探讨了11个主要农艺性状与单株产量之间的相关性以及不同种质资源单株产量之间的差异性。结果表明：NK-2、NK-6、NK-7、NK-10、NK-11、‘新选048’与‘华南205’之间的单株产量呈显著差异;单株产量与块根数呈极显著正相关,与收获指数、生物产量、最长薯长、主茎高度呈显著正相关,与干物质含量呈显著负相关;通径分析结果表明,各农艺性状对单株产量的直接通径系数和决定系数的大小顺序一致,依次为：块根数、最长薯长、生物产量、主茎高度、叶保留高度、干物质含量、收获指数、地上部鲜重、淀粉含量、主茎粗、株高。由此表明,选育高产木薯需要关注的主要农艺性状有：块根数、最长薯长、生物产量、主茎高度、叶保留高度、干物质含量、收获指数等。

Cassava Yield and Correlation Analysis of Main Agronomic Traits and Botany Properties

To improve the efficiency of screening out the elite cassava lines and lay the foundation for cassava breeding, this paper have discussed the correlation between cassava yield per plant and agronomic traits. Taken 13 cassava genotypes as materials, the correlation between yield per plant and some agronomic traits, and differences among different resources yield per plant was investigated via the method of correlation analysis, path analysis et al. The results showed that, the yield per plant of NK-2, NK-6, NK-7, NK-10, NK- 11 and ＇Xinxuan 048＇ were higher than that of SC205 significantly. The yield per plant was significantly positive correlated with the tuber number, positive correlated with harvest index, biological yield, the longest length of tuber and the height of the stem, and significantly negative with dry matter content. Besides, the path analysis results showed that, the order to the direct path and determination coefficient of agronomic traits is consistent, in order, the tuber number, the longest length of tuber, the biological yield, the main stem height, leaf retention height, dry matter content, harvest index, the upper ground fresh weight, starch content, main stem diameter and plant height. It could see that improving the cassava yield needs to mainly focus on the following agronomic traits, such as the tuber number, the longest length of tuber, the biological yield, the main stem height, leaf retention height, dry matter content and harvest index.