退耕还林（草）工程对安塞县商品型生态农业系统的影响效应分析

以安塞县为例,通过分析退耕还林(草)工程实施以来其商品型生态农业系统的发展变化,明确了退耕还林(草)工程对商品型生态农业的影响效应.结果表明:其影响效应主要表现为对农业资源和产业系统的正效应驱动过程和负的约束作用；2009年农林牧用地中林草地比重较1998年增长了11.3％,农业资源得到优化；农业产业结构不断调整,商品型生态农业快速发展；但也造成了农业资源的闲置和浪费,2008年实际畜牧量仅占草地理论最适承载量的19.36％,产业与资源相关性降低,一定程度上制约了商品型生态农业的快速发展.另外,商品型生态农业的发展一定程度上巩固了退耕还林(草)成果.因此,安塞县应发展相关产业,合理、高效利用农业资源,提高农业产业与资源的一致性,实现农业生态经济系统的协调可持续发展.

Influential effects of Grain for Green Project on ecological agriculture with commodity in Ansai County

Taking Ansai County as an example, the effects of Grain for Green Project on the development of ecological agriculture with commodity (EAC) was analyzed. The results indicated that the effects of Grain for Green Project on EAC were mainly presented as the positive driving process and negative restriction on agricultural resources and industrial system. With the carrying out of the project, the proportion of forestland and grassland in total agricultural land in 2009 was increased by 11.3%, compared to that in 1998. As a result, agricultural resources were optimized, agricultural industrial structure was adjusted, and EAC was developed rapidly. However, the project also caused the idling and waste of agricultural resources. The actual amount of livestock in 2008 only accounted for 19.36% of the theoretical optimum carrying capacity of grassland. The correlation between agricultural industries and resources became decreased, which restrained the development of EAC to some extent. In addition, the rapid development of EAC helped to consolidate the achievements of Grain for Green Project. Therefore, it is important to develop related industries so as to utilize agricultural resources more efficiently, and to improve the consistency between agricultural industries and resources so as to realize harmonious and sustainable development of agricultural eco economic system in Ansai County.