黄土区不同熟制玉米延收增产技术研究

研究了延迟收获对不同熟制玉米株粒重、千粒重及植株器官千物质运移的影响.结果表明,玉米适时延收具有明显的增产效果.延收15 d,春、夏玉米植株器官干物质向籽粒中运移量分别达28.89 g·株-1和23.81g·株-1,叶和茎秆的干物质对籽粒的贡献率高达80％左右；春玉米单株粒重增加29.2 g,单株粒重日增1.95 g,千粒重增加53.8 g,平均日增3.58 g,增产1 336.5 kg·hm-2,增产16.6％；夏玉米单株粒重增加31 g,平均日增重2.1g,千粒重增加81.7 g,平均千粒重日增5.5g,产量增加1488.0 kg·hm-2,增产18.9％,增产效益显著.

Effects of delayed harvest on production of maize in loess area

The experiment was conducted to analyze the effect s of delayed harvest on the grain weight per plant, 1000-grain weight and dry m atter transport in plant organs of maize. The results show that reasonable delay ed harvest could produce an obvious yield-increasing effect. When the harvesting time was delayed for 15 days, the transport amount of dry matter from plant org ans of spring and summer maize was 28.89 g and 23.81 g respectively, and the con tribution rate of leaves and stem to grains was about 80%. For spring maize, the grain weight per plant increased 29.2 g, the daily increase of grain weight per plant was 1.95 g, the 1000 grain weight increased 53.8 g, the daily increase o f 1000-grain weight was 3.58 g, the yield increased 1 336.5 kg·hm^-2, and the increase rate of yield was 16.6%; for summer maize, the grain weight per plant in creased 31 g, the daily increase of grain weight per plant was 2.1 g, the 1000-grain weight increased 81.7 g, the daily increase of 1000-grain weight was 5.5 g, the yield increased 1 488.0 kg·hm^-2, and the increase rate of yield wa s 18.9%.