光周期处理对油桃芽休眠诱导效应及呼吸速率的影响

 【目的】分析光周期处理对油桃芽休眠诱导及发展进程的影响，并探讨休眠诱导期内桃芽呼吸速率的变化规律。【方法】以曙光油桃（Prunus persica var. nectariana cv. Shuguang）为材料，设置3个光周期处理：短日照（8 h）、长日照（16 h）和自然日照，结合测定枝梢的生长和桃芽萌芽能力界定桃芽休眠状态，利用氧电极测定桃芽呼吸速率的变化。【结果】短日照能够诱导曙光油桃新梢提前停长，使桃芽提前7 d进入休眠诱导期，且促进休眠迅速向深度发展，较对照提前21 d进入自然休眠期;长日照明显延迟油桃新梢停长，并且延缓桃芽休眠诱导及发展的进程。呼吸速率随着休眠诱导而降低，桃芽进入休眠诱导期7 d后出现呼吸速率低谷，休眠诱导期内呼吸速率出现回升后降低并在休眠诱导期结束时维持在较低水平。另外，短日照明显减弱芽体的呼吸速率，并维持其在较低水平，长光照略使呼吸速率上升。【结论】短日照对休眠的产生具有明显诱导效应，长日照可推迟休眠诱导的发生，呼吸速率变化与休眠的诱导与发展进程相关，也与光周期有关。

Effect of Photoperiod Treatments on Dormancy Induction and Changes of Correlated Respiratory Rate of Nectarine Peach Bud

【Objective】 The responses of dormancy induction to illumination and the character of respiratory rate were studied with the nectarine peach bud in this paper. 【Method】 The trial was conducted with nectarine peach (Prunus persica var. nectariana cv. Shuguang ) and involved three treatments: a short day treatment (8 h), a long day treatment (16 h) and normal condition as control. The dormancy status were determined with the growth of shoot and the sprouting ability, and respiratory rate was mensurated with oxygen electrode. 【Result】 Short day treatment induced the growth stopping of peach shoots ahead of time, promoted the development of dormancy, and induced buds into dormancy 21 days earlier compared with the control. Long day treatment postponed the growth stopping and the induction and development of dormancy. The respiratory rate decreased according to the development of dormancy induction. The minimum respiratory rate appeared about 7 d after the start of of dormancy induction. Bud respriatiory rate increased during this period and then declined and remained at low level at dormancy period. Long day treatment reduced buds respiratory slightly.【Conclusion】 Short day could induce dormancy obviously, and long day postponed dormancy induction. The changes of respiratory rate were correlated with the development of dormancy induction, and the rate of bud respiratory was also affected by photoperiod.