氮?磷?钾肥对伊犁地区甜菜产量的影响

目的]寻求适合伊犁地区甜菜适宜的肥料用量及比例。方法]从伊犁地区甜菜肥料高效利用角度出发,设置了氮、磷、钾3因素4水平试验,根据获得的产量对氮、磷、钾肥料效应进行模拟,研究适宜的肥料用量及比例。结果]甜菜产量与氮、磷、钾施用量的三元二次效应方程为y=3 319.323 7+297.974 9N-8.429 7P-8.860 2K-6.940 5N_2-2.628 9P2-1.159 8K2-3.060 1NP-2.987 5NK+10.100 5PK。肥料实际用量为N 250.23 kg/hm~2,P_2O_5138.15 kg/hm2、K_2O 165.73 kg/hm2,3要素比例为1∶0.55∶0.66时,获得最佳产量87.38 t/hm2;氮肥肥料贡献率为35.65%,磷肥肥料贡献率为12.04%,钾肥肥料贡献率为10.50%,限制甜菜产量提高的养分限制因子从大到小依次为氮、磷、钾。结论]伊犁地区甜菜生产中氮、磷、钾适宜的施用比例为1∶0.55∶0.66。

The Effect of Fertilizer Input to Yield of Sugar Beet in Yili Region

Objective] The study aimed to seek suitable beet appropriate proportion and use level of fertilizer in Yili Region . Method] From the angle of the Yili Region beet fertilizer utilization, set the NPK 3 factors 4 levels test, according to the production to simulate the effect of NPK fertilizer to seek suitable beet appropriate proportion of fertilizer in Yili Region.Result] The relationship of beet yields with NPK fertiliz-er inputs was simulated out into a ternary quadratic formula.The formula is y =3 319.323 7 +297.974 9N -8.429 7P -8.860 2K -6.940 5N2 -2.628 9P2 -1.159 8K2 -3.060 1NP-2.987 5NK+10.100 5PK;through the formula we could calculated out that when the re-al fertilizer inputs were N=250.23 kg/hm2, P2O5 =138.15 kg/hm2, K2O=165.73 kg/hm2, these three fertilizer elements ration was 1∶0.55∶0.66, the beet could output the best suitable yield, 87.38 t/hm2 .The rate of contribution of N fertilizer was 35.65%, the rate of con-tribution of P fertilizer was 12.04%, the rate of contribution of P fertilizer was 10.5%.The limit factor in beet yield growth was N>P>K. Conclusion] Suitable beet appropriate proportion of fertilizer NPK elements ration was 1∶0.55∶0.66 in Yili region.