小面积果园节水灌溉技术研究

针对我国苹果生产现状、水资源现状、经济条件以及管理水平，总结研究了几种简易节灌措施：微孔射流管、膜片式多孔管、加海绵加套管。在不同孔径、不同水压力下测得孔口泄流量，通过回归分析，确定出不同孔径的水压力与单孔泄流量的关系，然后利用勃拉修斯公式计算出满足一定的流量偏差率情况下的允许毛管长度。并现场测试采用计算毛管长度时的均匀系数，结果表明，上述3种节水灌溉方式，技术简单、价格低廉，适宜在经济落后，水资源短缺且有微小水源的干旱区使用。

Water-saving Irrigation Techniques for Small Area Orchard

Several simple water saving irrigation techniques such as micro hole spraying pipe, hole with cover or hole with cover and sponge were researched considering producing situation of orchard, water resource, economic condition and management level in China. By measuring water flow of hole under the conditions of various hole diameter and water pressure, the relationship between water pressure and discharge of single hole can be determined; the maximum length of multi hole pipe could be calculated using Bolaxius formula. Then the uniformity parameter of water flow of pipe was tested in the field. The experiment results showed that those three techniques were suitable to practice use in under developed arid and semi arid regions with small water sources because of their low investment and simple technique.