基于遥感和GIS的新疆艾比湖区域土壤侵蚀强度评价

[目的]艾比湖区域土壤侵蚀特征分析.[方法]采用3S(RS、GIS、GPS)技术手段,根据新疆艾比湖区域2007年(TM)遥感影像、2006年DEM数据,综合多年气象数据、土壤类型等资料,裁出同一坐标投影(WGS1984UTMZone44N)下的研究区土壤侵蚀的四个主要因子(植被覆盖度、坡度、风速及土壤可蚀性k值)30 m×30 m的栅格图像,进行叠加分析得到研究区土壤侵蚀特征.[结果]研究区以中高侵蚀为主,其中中度侵蚀面积最多,占总面积的56.58;;强度侵蚀次之,占总面积的25.87;;其它侵蚀强度分布面积从多到少依次为:轻度侵蚀8.43;,微度侵蚀5.91;,极强度3.15;,剧烈侵蚀分布面积最少,占总面积的0.06;.[结论]新疆艾比湖区域土壤侵蚀较为严重,但分布相对规律,对土壤侵蚀的防治与治理有着重要的作用.

Assessment on Soil Erosion in Xinjiang Ebinur Lake Region Using Remote Sense and GIS Techniques

【Objective】This paper was designed to analyse on the feature of soil erosion in Ebinur Lake Region in Xinjiang.【Method】In this paper,3S technique(RS,GIS,GPS)was adopted,the remotely sensed image in 2007(TM) and the DEM image in 2006 of Xinjiang Ebinur Lake Region were used,and the data in climate,land type were concluded to acquire the raster images in the same geographical coordinate projection(WGS-1984-UTM-Zone-44N) which were 30 m×30 m.All the images are the important factors of soil erosion in study area.At the last,the feature of soil erosion were obtained by superposition analysis.【Result】The soil erosion of study area mainly with middle and high erosion were observed,in which there were a maximum part of middle soil erosion,whose total area was 56.58%;The intensive erosion taking the second place was 25.87%.The order of distributive area of the other soil erosion intensity from large to samll is: the slight erosion is 8.43%;weak erosion is 5.91%;the very extremely intensive erosion is 3.15%.The serious erosion is the least,which accounts for 0.06% of the study area.【Conclusion】The soil erosion intensity is more serious in Xinjiang Ebinur Lake Region but it distributes regularly.It is helpful to prevent and control the soil erosion.