浙江竹秆锈病的观察研究

竹秆锈病(Stereostratum corticioides (Berk et Br.)Magnus)又称竹褥病。七十年代以来,江、浙一带的竹秆锈病有所蔓延,病情逐渐加剧,许多地方的竹林已到毁灭的地步。对该病进一步深入研究,寻求彻底的防治措施十分必要。据定点多年观察,该病多发生在竹秆的下部或基部,严重的蔓延至竹秆的上部或枝条上,甚至发生在竹丛枝病的枝条和地面的跳鞭上。病害的冬孢子堆、夏孢子堆、黄斑三个时期较为分明,以往人们对黄斑这个症状往往忽视。竹秆上病斑多时,将诱发其它竹子秆基病害或全株死亡。经接种试验证明,病菌的冬孢子一担孢子不侵染竹秆和竹笋。夏孢子在5～6月产生释放,从伤口侵染当年新竹及老竹。据普查,该病已广泛分布浙江竹区,计已有1市9县24处竹林发生,寄生竹种达16种以上。它对竹林生长和出笋已带来较大的损失,已成为我省竹子上的常见病、多发病、慢性病、顽固病。笋用竹基地及产笋专业户必须对防治加以高度的重视。

STUDY ON BAMBOO-CULM RUST IN ZHEJIANG PROVINCE

Bamboo-culm rust is an important disease of bamboos.It has become more common since 1970s in bamboo areas of Zhejiang and Jiangsu provinces, making many bamboo forests on the verge of disintegration. Through observation this disease is found to appear mostly on the lower or basal parts of culms, severely spreading to the upper parts or branches, and sometimes even on the diseased branches and emerging skip rhizomes.The rust comprises of three periods of telia, summer-born spore masses, yellow spots, among which the yellow spot period is usually ignored but it can cause other diseases on basal culms and even the die off of whole culms. The inoculation test indicates that winter-born spores-sporidium do not infect culms and shoots.From May to June summer-born spores are discharged and infect new culms of the very year and old ones from the wound. Bamboo-culm rust has occurred widely in bamboo areas of Zhejiang province with more than 16 species being parasitized.It has brought great lose to bamboo growth and shoot production.Therefore more attention should be paid on its control.