蓝·紫粒小麦新品种(系)籽粒色素研究初报

目的]为蓝、紫粒小麦资源用于提取植物天然色素提供理论依据。方法]以白粒小麦晋太170为对照,研究7个蓝、紫粒小麦品种(系)灌浆期籽粒色素的形成情况及遮光对其的影响,测定籽粒中花青苷、黑色素的含量,并用岛津120紫外分光光度计分别测定其530 nm和400~550 nm波长处的吸收值。结果]不同色系小麦籽粒色素的形成过程不相同,遮光明显地影响了紫色、蓝紫色小麦籽粒中花青苷的产生。蓝紫色黑粒小麦756的花青苷含量最高,紫色黑粒小麦3019的最低,分别是对照的12.62和4.83倍。蓝、紫粒小麦的黑色素含量不同,但均高于对照。结论]蓝、紫粒小麦籽粒色素的形成过程和花青苷含量不同,与籽粒颜色有较密切的关系。

Primary Study on the Seed Pigments in New Wheat Varieties (Lines) with Blue or Purple Granins

Objective] The study aimed to supply theoretical basis for using wheat resources with blue and purple grains for extracting natural plant pigments.Method] With wheat with white grains Jintai 170 as CK,the formation status of seed pigments in filling stage of 7 wheat varieties(lines) with blue and purple grains and the effects of shading on them were studied.The contents of anthocyanin and melanin in grains were determined.And their absorption values at the wavelengths of 530 nm and 400～550 nm were determined by Shimazu 120 UV spectrophotometer.Result] The formation courses of wheat seed pigments in different color lines were different.Shading significantly affected the generation of anthocyanin in purple and blue-purple wheat grains.The anthocyanin content was highest in blue-purple black kernel wheat 756 and lowest in purple black kernel wheat 3019,being 12.62 and 4.83 times of that in CK resp.The melanin contents in wheat with blue and purple grains were different and higher than that in CK under the same determination wavelength.Conclusion] The formation courses of seed pigments in wheat with blue and purple grains and their anthocyanin contents were different,which had closer relation with grain color.