香椿成熟复叶饲用价值分析评价研究

目的]对我国南、北方种植的香椿成熟复叶的营养成分组成及其生物量进行分析,探讨香椿成熟复叶的饲用价值及其开发潜力,为推动香椿的综合开发利用提供参考。方法]利用化学分析法测定了香椿成熟复叶的粗蛋白、氨基酸及矿物质等营养成分组成和含量,并通过生物量评估及肉羊饲喂实验,分析评价了我国香椿的饲用开发价值及发展潜力。结果]香椿成熟复叶具有高蛋白(16.25%17.78%)低脂肪(3.10%5.45%)的特点,且含17种氨基酸,动物必需氨基酸占比33.12%34.60%,同时富含钾、钙、磷、镁、铁、锌等矿质元素。香椿成熟复叶的营养价值高于常规谷物等粮食饲料,与优质苜蓿相近,且肉羊喜食香椿成熟复叶,无腹泻、抽搐等不良现象。结论]香椿成熟复叶饲用价值较高,属高蛋白低脂型饲料原料,我国黄河、长江流域是饲用/菜饲两用型香椿的适宜发展区。

Analysis and Evaluation on Feeding Value of Mature Leaves of Toona sinensis

Objective] The present study intends to reveal and evaluate the feeding value and biomass of mature leaves of Toona sinensis (A. Juss.) Roem (TS) grown in the south and north of China, and help to lay a foundation for the construction of comprehensive feed industry of TS.Method] The contents of rude protein, amino acids, minerals and other nutrients of the mature leaves of TS grown in China were analyzed, and their feeding value were confirmed by mutton-sheep breeding experiments. By analysis of biomass and cultivate-suit area of TS, the development potential of mature leaves of TS as feedstuff were discussed.Result] The mature leaves of TS were equipped with high content of crude protein (16.25%-17.78%) and low content of crude fat (3.10%-5.45%), and contained 17 kinds of amino acids, with the essential amino acids accounted for 33.12%-34.60%. In addition, the mature leaves of TS were also rich in potassium, calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, iron, zinc and other mineral elements. Sheep in breeding experiments appeared to favor the mature leaves of TS, and no adverse phenomenon, neither diarrhea nor convulsions, happened. The nutritional value of mature leaves of TS were higher than conventional consumed grains, and were comparable to Medicago sativa.Conclusion] Mature leaves of TS are high in crude protein, low in crude fat, and do have the potential to be protein feed. The region along the Yellow River and the Yangtze River of China are pointed to be the suit development area for feed-used/buds-feed-used TS.