饲料中添加天蚕素抗菌肽对南美白对虾免疫功能、抗病力的影响

本研究以南美白对虾为研究对象，探究饲料中天蚕素抗菌肽的合适添加量。在饲料中依次添加不同浓度水平（0%、1%、2%、3%、4%和5%）的天蚕素抗菌肽，配制为6种配合饲料，用以投喂南美白对虾，饲养周期8周。结果显示：与对照组相比，饲料中添加天蚕抗菌肽对南美白对虾增重率、蛋白质沉积率和特定生长率有显著影响（P＜0.05），高水平天蚕素抗菌肽会抑制南美白对虾的增重率和特定生长率，南美白对虾的饵料系数显著下降，但对南美白对虾存活率和摄食率无显著影响（P＞0.05）|随着饲料中天蚕素抗菌肽的添加水平不断增加，3%组南美白对虾的ACP、POD和SOD含量达到最大水平，与对照组有明显差异（P＜0.05）|随着饲料中天蚕素抗菌肽的添加水平的不断上升，3%组南美白对虾的淀粉酶、脂肪酶和胃蛋白酶含量最高，与对照组存在明显差异（P＜0.05）。结果表明，饲料中添加天蚕素抗菌肽显著提高南美白对虾的增重率和特定生长率，提高南美白对虾的生长发育速度，从而增强机体免疫力，提高南美白对虾的抗病能力。 关键词]天蚕抗菌肽|南美白对虾|抗病力|免疫功能

The effects of diet supplemented with cecropin antimicrobial peptide on the immune function and disease resistance of the White Shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei

The present study was conducted to investigate the appropriate amount of antimicrobial peptides to be added to the feeds of the White Shrimp.The feed was supplemented with different concentration levels(1%,2%,3%,4%and 5%)of cecropin antimicrobial peptide and formulated into five types of compound feeds,and the control group was fed with basal feed for feeding South American white shrimp for 8 weeks.The results showed that the addition of the antimicrobial peptide had a significant effect on the weight gain rate,protein deposition rate and specific growth rate of the shrimp compared to the control group(P<0.05),while the high level of antimicrobial peptide inhibited the weight gain rate and specific growth rate of the shrimp and significantly reduced the bait coefficient of the shrimp.With the increasing level of the antimicrobial peptide in the feed,the ACP,POD and SOD contents in the 3%group reached the maximum level,which was significantly different from the control group(P<0.05);with the increasing level of the antimicrobial peptide in the feed,the amylase,lipase and pepsin contents in the 3%group reached the maximum level,which was significantly different from the control group(P<0.05).The results showed that the addition of tensin antimicrobial peptide to the feed significantly increased the weight gain rate and the specific growth rate of South American white shrimp,and improved the growth and development rate of South American white shrimp,thus enhancing the immune efficacy of the organism and thus the disease resistance of the White Shrimp.