北方农牧交错带农田生态系统健康评价——以武川县为例

采用生态系统健康的理论和评价方法分析评价农田生态环境问题具有重要的理论和现实意义,应用生态健康指数定量评价农田健康水平是生态系统管理的重要内容。以武川县农田为研究对象,选择水分、生物量、幅宽等代表性指标,分析了不同作物覆盖下农田生态健康指数。结果表明:不同种植模式间农田健康指数差别明显。播种期较早的小麦田最为健康,没有采用地膜覆盖的马铃薯田健康指数最低,而采用地膜覆盖的马铃薯田健康指数比较高。推广小麦栽培和覆膜栽培是北方农牧交错带农田很好的经营管理模式,具有推广价值,是缓解该地区环境的有效手段之一。

Ecosystem Health Evaluation in Ecotone Between Agriculture and Animal Husbandry in Northern China Farmland: the case of WuChuan County

s: Ecotone between agriculture and animal husbandry in northern China is a typical eco-fragile region. Analyzing and evaluating the farmland ecosystem has theoretic and realistic meaning by ecosystem health theory and approach. The healthy level could be measured quantificationally. Based on the case of farmland of WuChuan County, ecosystem health index was measured by appropriate targets in order to found the evaluating method of eco-fragile region. The result showed: The difference among the various planting patterns was visible. The potato fields covered with film had a higher health index, and the early sowed wheat was most healthy. Wheat planting and crop planting covered with film are good farmland management patterns and could alleviate the environmental stress effectively. The two patterns have extending worthiness of application.