Pharmacokinetics and bioavailability of valnemulin in Muscovy ducks (Cairina moschata) |
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Authors: | J Sun L Yuan L Zhu L He X Luo R Wang |
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Institution: | College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University , Guangzhou , China |
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Abstract: | 1. A pharmacokinetic study of valnemulin was conducted in healthy Muscovy ducks after intravenous (IV), intramuscular (IM) and oral administrations at a dose rate of 15?mg/kg body weight. 2. Drug concentrations in plasma were determined by high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Pharmacokinetics parameters of valnemulin were analysed by compartmental analysis using the WinNonlin program. 3. After IV administration, valnemulin was widely distributed with a volume of distribution based on a terminal phase (Vz) of 8·19?±?3·07?l/kg, a mean elimination half-life (t1/2Ke) of 2·63?h, and a clearance (Cl) value of 5·56?±?1·53?l/kg/h. Following intramuscular and oral administration, valnemulin was rapidly absorbed; the Cmax was 0·44?±?0·13 and 0·12?±?0·02?µg/ml (achieved at 0·28 and 1·80?h), the t1/2Ke was 3·17?±?3·83 and 4·83?±?1·81?h, and the absolute bioavailability (F) was 72% and 37%, respectively. 4. The plasma profile of valnemulin exhibited favourable pharmacokinetic characteristics in Muscovy ducks, such as wide distribution, and rapid absorption and elimination, though oral bioavailability was low. |
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