莱芜猪肌肉脂肪酸组成的发育性变化及其对肉质特性的影响

以40￣90kg6个体重阶段莱芜猪和新莱芜猪为试验对象(n=6),研究肌肉脂肪酸组成的发育性变化及其与肉质特性的关系。结果表明:①随着体重的增大,莱芜猪肌肉总脂含量显著(P<0.01)增加;饱和脂肪酸(SFA)总量的比例有下降的趋势,不饱和脂肪酸(UFA)总量有增加的趋势,但差异不显著;在UFA中,多不饱和脂肪酸(PUFA)总量及亚油酸的比例显著(P<0.01)下降,油酸比例显著(P<0.01)增加;②总体上,莱芜猪肌肉中的SFA+单不饱和脂肪酸总量、总脂、棕榈酸、棕榈烯酸的比例显著高于新莱芜猪,而PUFA总量、硬脂酸、亚油酸、花生烯酸的比例显著(P<0.01)低于新莱芜猪。各体重阶段2个品种间的脂肪酸组成也存在着较大的差异;③莱芜猪肌肉中的PUFA总量与总脂、水分、失水率、大理石纹评分相关显著;总脂与水分、大理石纹相关极显著(P<0.01);SFA、UFA总量与大理石纹呈显著(P<0.05)相关。

Effects of Development of Intramuscular Fatty Acids on Meat Quality in Laiwu Pig

Laiwu and Xin Laiwu pigs during weights from 40~90 kg(n = 6) were used to study the development of intramuscular fatty acids(FA) and effects on meat quality.Results showed as follows: ① With gaining of body weight,total lipid(TL) and oleic acid in muscle were significantly increased(P < 0.01),but polyunsaturated FA(PUFA) and linoleic acid were significantly decreased(P < 0.01),total saturated FA(SFA) tended to decrease but unsaturated FA(UFA) tended to increase;② Compared with Xin Laiwu pigs,Laiwu were generally higher in muscle SFA and monounsaturated FA(MUFA),TL,palmitic and palmitoleic acid,but lower in muscle PUFA,stearic,linoleic and peatnutolenic acid(P < 0.01).There were also differences in fatty acids composition between these two breeds for various body weights;③ The muscle PUFA was highly correlated to TL,moisture,water lose percentage,marbling score(MS),and so did TL to moisture and MS(P < 0.01).SFA,UFA were strongly correlated to MS(P < 0.05).