缓释肥侧条施肥技术对水稻产量和氮素利用效率的影响

利用田间小区试验,系统研究了基于缓释肥料的侧条施肥技术对水稻产量和氮素利用效率的影响。试验结果表明:与农民常规施肥处理(FP)比较,侧条施肥技术高缓释肥处理(HF)水稻氮素投入比农民常规施肥处理(FP)降低约40%,水稻产量没有显著降低,穗粒数比农民常规施肥处理增加了8.36%。侧条施肥技术显著提高了水稻地上部吸氮量和氮肥偏生产力,降低了氮素的表观损失量。侧条施肥各处理氮肥偏生产力在39.1~67.8之间,显著高于FP处理的23.7。FP处理氮素表观损失量高达174.2 kg·hm-2,侧条施肥各处理表观损失量在23.2~61.9 kg·hm-2之间。综合考虑水稻产量和环境因素,基于缓释肥料的侧条施肥技术是一种资源节约和环境友好的施肥技术。

Effect of Slow-release Fertilizer Side Bar Fertilization Technology on Rice Yield and Nitrogen Use Efficiency

A field plots experiment was conducted to study the effects of side bar fertilization technology on rice yield and nitrogen use efficiency. The results showed that side bar fertilization technology based on high quantity of slow-release fertilizer treatment(HF)reduced the amount of nitrogen applied by approximately 40% compared to conventional fertilizer treatments(FP)but had no remarkable effects on rice yields while the number of ear of rice increased 8.36%. Side bar fertilization technology significantly increased rice nitrogen uptake and par-tial factor productivity from nitrogen applied(PFPN), reducing the apparent loss of nitrogen. Side bar fertilization technology treatment PFPN was between 39.1 and 67.8, significantly higher than the 23.7 of FP treatment. Apparent N losse of FP treatment was 174.2 kg·hm-2and each side bar fertilization technology treatment was between 23.2 kg·hm-2and 61.9 kg·hm-2. Considering the rice yield and environmental factors,side bar fertilization technology based on slow-release fertilizer was one of environment-friendly technology that can be applied.