用虚拟水理论探讨干旱区生态用水问题

新疆有限的水资源不可避免地导致绿洲农业经济用水与生态用水的矛盾.虚拟水理论是有别于传统水资源配置的一个新理论.通过分析目前新疆绿洲农业生产用水与生态用水的现状,计算出新疆主要农作物的虚拟水含量,尝试用虚拟水策略探讨干旱区水资源的合理利用,并分析该理论在新疆水资源利用方面的前景,以及存在的一些问题.

Study on Water Consumption for the Ecology in Arid Land in Xinjiang with Virtual Water Theory

Oases in Xinjiang are a kind of ecosystems relying on outer water sources for their existence and development. Under limited water resources, a contradiction between the water consumption for economic development and that for ecology occurs. Virtual water theory is new and is different from the traditional theory of redistribution of water resources. In this paper, the virtual water capacities of the main crops in Xinjiang are estimated with virtual water theory after analyzing the actuality of water consumption for economic development and that for ecology in arid oases in Xinjiang so as to lucubrate the rational redistribution and utilization of water resources in arid oases. Moreover, the prospect of application of the theory and some existing problems in the redistribution and utilization of water resources in Xinjiang are analyzed. Currently, virtual water theory is not so perfect yet and needs to be further studied, however, it can be regarded as a new idea in redistributing water resources in arid oases in Xinjiang, and can also be referred in working out the schemes of redistribution and utilization of water resources for social and economic development, ecological environment conservation, etc. in Xinjiang.