| 综合系统评价视角下的草畜平衡机制刍议 |
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| 引用本文： | 林慧龙,王钊齐,张英俊.综合系统评价视角下的草畜平衡机制刍议[J].草地学报,2011,19(5):717-723. |
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| 作者姓名： | 林慧龙 王钊齐 张英俊 |
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| 作者单位： | 1. 兰州大学草地农业科技学院甘肃省草原生态研究所,甘肃兰州,730020
2. 中国农业大学草地研究所,北京,100193 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家公益性行业(农业)科技专项“不同区域草地承载力与家畜配置”(200903060)资助 |
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| 摘 要： | 由于超载过牧以及草地自身对外界环境变化的敏感性,导致中国出现大面积退化草地。究其驱动力因子,草-畜之间的平衡关系首当其要,在可持续发展前提下,仅仅根据牧草生产力架构下的草畜平衡关系管理放牧系统是不准确,也是不全面的,科学的低排放放牧系统还需要兼顾"地下生物量"和"土壤侵蚀"状况。为此本文提出:适宜的放牧率=min(理论载畜量,以地下生物量最大化为准则确定的适宜放牧率,以土壤侵蚀最小化为目标确定的最适放牧率),在环县典型草原的研究实践表明在牧草生长期降水量为224.9mm时,最适宜的放牧强度为3.8羊单位/hm2。
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| 关 键 词： | 草畜平衡 土壤侵蚀 地下生物量 放牧率 |
Evaluation of Forage-livestock Balance Mechanisms under the Perspective of Integrated Grazing System |
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| LIN Hui-long,WANG Zhao-qi,ZHANG Ying-jun.Evaluation of Forage-livestock Balance Mechanisms under the Perspective of Integrated Grazing System[J].Acta Agrestia Sinica,2011,19(5):717-723. |
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| Authors: | LIN Hui-long WANG Zhao-qi ZHANG Ying-jun |
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| Institution: | LIN Hui-long1,WANG Zhao-qi1,ZHANG Ying-jun2 (1.College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology,Lanzhou University,Gansu Grassland Ecological Research Institute,Lanzhou,Gansu Province 730020,China,2.Institute of Grassland Science,China Agricultural University,Beijing 100193,China) |
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| Abstract: | There are a large number of degraded grasslands in China due to overgrazing and grassland's own sensitivity to environmental changes.The grassland-livestock balance is the most important factor causing grassland degradation.For sustainable development,it is insufficient to manage grazing systems solely within the framework of pasture productivity.Scientific grazing systems with low emission should take into account strategies that livestock carrying capacity depends on both maximum underground plant biomass... |
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| Keywords: | Forage-livestock alance Soil erosion Underground biomass Stocking rate |
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