宁夏引黄灌区低污染种植模式筛选

在对宁夏引黄灌区现有主要种植模式的选择及组装基础上,运用层次分析法,以春小麦/玉米(套作)为对照,以降低农田氮磷流失量为主要目标,兼顾经济效益及社会效益,对选择和新组装的12种种植模式进行综合评价,选择出利于灌区农田氮磷残留量相对较低的种植模式。结果表明,作物生长期间,相对增加田面的覆盖时间,对降低土壤及退水氮磷残留具有重要意义,同时,兼顾产量和经济效益,选择出冬小麦-水稻(同年复种)、冬小麦-青贮、冬小麦-油葵、冬小麦-大白菜4种较为理想的低污染种植模式。

Selection of Low Pollution Planting Model in Yellow River Irrigation Areas of Ningxia

In order to reduce the nitrogen and phosphorus loss of farmland and give consideration to both the economic and social benefits,twelve traditional and assembled planting patterns were comprehensively evaluated with AHP by comparing with the planting pattern of spring wheat intercropped with corn.The planting model beneficial to reducing the nitrogen and phosphorus contens of farmland in the irrigation areas was selected.Results showed that it was very important for reducing soil nitrogen and phosphorus contents through prolonging soil covered time with crop.Taking into consideration both the yield and economic benefits,four low pollution planting models of rice after winter wheat,silage after winter wheat,oil sunflower after winter wheat and Chinese cabbage after winter wheat were selected.