地黄土壤中主要病原真菌的鉴定及致病性研究

通过对山西省主要地黄种植区域的土样进行病原菌分离和形态特征、培养特征的结果鉴定,得到9个属的10种有害菌株,其中腐皮镰孢菌和齐整小核菌出现频次较高,分别占总出现频次的24.6%和21.0%;其次是灰葡萄孢菌,出现频次为15.9%;其余病原菌出现频次为1.7%~8.8%之间。致病性测定表明,立枯丝核菌和腐皮镰孢菌占优势,致病力强,发病指数分别为40.6和30.6;其余病原菌致病力较弱,发病指数为13.9~26.4。杀菌剂抑制病原菌效果测定结果为:菌病一支康、70%代森锰锌可湿性粉剂、20%甲基立枯磷和绿亨2号,对侵害地黄的7种主要真菌菌丝的生长均有强烈的抑制作用,相对抑菌率为80.7%~100%,抑菌效果显著。

Identification and Morbidityu Test of Pathogenic Fungi in the Soil Samples Planted Rehmnnia gintinosa

In this paper,23 strains of 10 genera were obtained by isolating and identifying the soil samples in main Rehamnnia gintinosa production areas in Yuncheng and Linfen,Shanxi Province.Among them the occurrence frequency of Fusanrium solani(Mart.) App.et Wollenw and Sclerotium rolfsii sacc.were higher,made up 24.6% and 21.0% of the total respectively.Then followed by Botrytis cinerea 15.9% and the others were 1.7%~8.8%.The morbidity test showed Rhizoctonia solani Ktihn and Fusanrium solani(Mart.) App.et Wollenw had a great morbidity,their disease indices were 40.6 and 30.6 respectively.Other disease indices of pathogenic fungi were 13.9~26.4.The test of fungicide inhibiting effect revealed 70% mancozeb WP,20% tolclofos-methyl EC and carbendazim thiram WP all had great inhibiting effect on the growth of fungus hypha infected Rehamnnia gintinosa,the relative inhibiting fungus rate could reach 80.7%~100%,the inhibiting effect was significant.