邓州市小麦施肥指标体系建立技术探讨

目的]为探索建立邓州市小麦施肥指标体系,指导邓州小麦科学施肥。方法]在小麦上开展3414试验、氮肥用量试验、氮、磷、钾丰缺指标试验的基础上,分别建立小麦氮、磷、钾丰缺函数;以土壤有机质含量和土壤有机质丰缺函数为依据,确定耕地肥力水平;以氮肥用量试验,确定不同有机质水平下的氮肥用量;以磷、钾丰缺函数,确定土壤有效磷、速效钾临界值;以3414试验处理4、5、6、7小区产量与对应磷肥用量建立磷肥效应方程,确定不同产量水平、不同土壤有效磷含量下磷肥用量;以3414试验处理8、9、6、10小区产量与对应钾肥用量建立K肥效应方程,确定不同产量水平、不同土壤速效钾含量下钾肥用量。结果]综合不同产量水平、不同土壤有效磷、速效钾含量水平下的氮、磷、钾肥用量,初步构建邓州市小麦施肥指标体系。结论]该研究对指导邓州市小麦科学施肥具有一定的现实意义。

Establishment of Indicator System of Fertilization of Wheat in Dengzhou City

Objective ] The research aimed to explore the establishment of indicator system of fertilization of wheat in Dengzhou City, and guide the scientific fertilization of the wheat. Method] Based on 3414 trial, nitrogen amount trial, enrichment and paucity indicator trial of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, the functions were established. Based on the content of soil organic matter and its enrichment and paucity functions, the fertility of the soil was determined. Based on the nitrogen amount trial, the nitrogen amount under different organic matter level was deter- mined. Based on the enrichment and paucity functions of phosphorus and potassium, the critical values of available phosphorus and available po- tassium were determined. Based on the yield of treatment ④,⑤,⑥and ⑦ plot and the effect equators of phosphorus fertilizer, according to phosphorus fertilizer amount, the phosphorus fertilizer amount under the condition of different yield level and different available phosphorus level was determined. Based on the yield of treatment ⑧,⑨,⑥and⑩ plot and the effect equators of potassium fertilizer, the potassium fertilizer a- mount under different yield amount level and different available potassium level was determined. Result] The nitrogen, phosphorus and potassi- um amount under different yield level, different content of soil available phosphorus and different content of soil available potassium, the indicator system of fertilization of wheat in Denzhou City was preliminarily established. Conclusion] The research had certain practical significance for the guidance of the scientific fertilization of wheat in Dengzhou City.