基于农户经济收益的耕地保护补偿标准研究

对保护耕地的农户进行补偿是耕地保护的主要方式之一，根据外部性效益建立合理的耕地保护补偿标准是保证补偿效果的关键。利用文献分析法，从满足农业生产者经济收益期望的角度出发确定补偿标准，通过比较各地区城乡收入差距，遵循按劳分配的原则，提出一种新的确定耕地保护补偿标准的方法。以咸宁市、郴州市、无锡市为例，分别计算了各地区典型农户的补偿金额，咸宁市1 hm²耕地一年可获得补偿金额为6 892.36元，较其他两地水平略低，郴州市的1 hm²耕地一年的补偿金额为16 795.58，处于三地区之首。农户的补偿标准主要由城乡收入差距和农户的生产力水平决定，从农户经济收益的角度出发，在保障农民收益的前提下，最大限度地保护耕地，利用收入差异间接衡量耕地的外部性效益。

Cultivated Land Protection Compensation Standards Research Based on the Farmer Economic Benefits

Compensation for farmers protecting cultivated land is one of the main ways of farmland protection. Establishing reasonable standards for protecting farmland compensation is the key to ensure the compensation effect. By literature analysis method, from the view of economic benefits to meet agricultural producers to determine the compensation standards, comparison of regional urban-rural income gap, following the principle of distribution according to work, and a new method of determining compensation standards of the protection of cultivated land was put forward. Xianning City, Chenzhou City, Wuxi City are sekected as cases, through the calculation of the compensation of the typical farmers, the amount of compensation in Xianning City was 6 892.36 Yuan per hm², which was slightly lower than the level of the other two places, Wuxi City is 16 795.58 Yuan per hm², and the first in the three regions. The compensation standard is mainly determined by the urban-rural income gap and productivity levels, from the view of the economic benefits, to maximize the protection of cultivated land under the premise of protecting the income of farmers, farmland externality benefits is measured by income differences.