Somatic embryogenesis from anthers of the autochthonous <Emphasis Type="Italic">Vitis vinifera</Emphasis> cv. Domina leads to <Emphasis Type="Italic">Arabis mosaic virus</Emphasis>-free plants |
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Authors: | E G Borroto-Fernandez T Sommerbauer E Popowich A Schartl M Laimer |
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Institution: | (1) Plant Biotechnology Unit, IAM, Department Biotechnology, BOKU, 1190 Vienna, Austria |
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Abstract: | Attempts to conserve and utilise autochthonous grapevine germplasm in modern breeding programmes, are sometimes faced with
the challenge that virus-free plants of old grapevine varieties and clones are hard to find. From 50 year-old vineyards in
Frankonia the Vitis vinifera cv. Domina was selected showing particularly interesting loose-bunch architecture with fewer berries. However this valuable
germplasm was carrying an Arabis mosaic virus (ArMV) infection requiring a reliable and effective method to produce healthy mother plants for clonal selection. Somatic
embryogenesis was established from anthers as the most promising technical approach. The absence of ArMV in 46 regenerated
plant lines was confirmed by ELISA and IC-RT PCR, repeated after different time intervals in vitro and in vivo after acclimatisation, and after one dormancy period under glasshouse conditions. Morphologically, all grapevines appeared
true-to-type, and a screening of 20 plants by flow cytometry to determine the ploidy level and to exclude the risk of undesired
genetic variability confirmed that all tested plants were diploid. Field evaluations of the initially selected bunch traits
are currently underway. |
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Keywords: | Biodiversity Fanleaf disease Vitis vinifera Tissue culture ELISA IC-RT-PCR Ploidy level |
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