番茄花粉保存与生活力测定

以番茄品种世诚116的花粉为材料,采用亚历山大染色法测定成熟花粉粒的数量和活力。将番茄花粉分别贮藏在室温(25℃),4℃和-17℃条件下,测定其活力最强的贮藏温度和贮藏时间。试验结果表明,随着贮藏时间的延长,花粉活力和总萌发数呈下降趋势,室温保存当天的花粉活力最强,贮藏3 d花粉活力降为68.60%;4℃冰箱保存8 d后,花粉活力降为57.00%,保存80 d,花粉总量减少,但其有活力的花粉占花粉总量的58.14%;-17℃冰箱保存1 d的花粉活力最高,为83.10%,保存28 d时,其花粉活力降为48.79%,保存80 d时,其活力在59.38%。而在卡诺依氏固定液中保存80 d的一组花蕾,其花粉活力仍保持在70.55%。

Preservation Methods and Determination of Tomato Pollen Vitality

With the pollens of tomato cultivar Shicheng 116 as material, we observed the quantity and viability of mature pollen grains by using the Alexander staining method, and we stored the tomato pollens at room temperature （25℃）, 4℃and-17℃, aiming to find out the best storage temperature and the longest storage time. In addition, we preserved a group of flower buds in Carnoy＇s fluid. The results showed that, as the storage time prolonged, the pollen viability and germination number were decreased. Stored at room temperature, the pollen viability was the strongest on the first day, and the pollen activity was reduced to 68.60% after three days. Stored at 4℃ in refrigerator, the pollen viability was reduced to 57.00%after the preservation of eight days, and the total amount of pollen was decreased after eighty days＇ preservation, but the ratio of viable pollens was 58.14%. Stored at -17℃ refrigerator, the pollen vitality was the highest of 83.10% on the first preservation day, and the pollen vitality was reduced to 48.79% after the preservation of twenty eight days, while the the pollen vitality was increased to 59.38% after eighty days＇ preservation. The pollen vitality was 70.55% after being preserved in the Carnoy＇s fluid for eighty days.