切花菊花器性状的遗传变异与相关性研究

通过了解目标性状在基因型中的遗传变异特性,可以对菊花Dendranthema×grandiflora目标性状进行有效的遗传改良。调查了52个切花菊品种花器性状的遗传变异度、广义遗传力和遗传进度等相关遗传特性。结果表明,表型变异系数的变异范围为28.66%（花径）至82.63%（舌瓣数）。遗传变异系数的变异范围为28.20%（花径）至82.10%（舌瓣数）。就单个性状而言,表型变异系数略大于遗传变异系数。5个花器性状遗传力均较高（〉96%）,其中舌瓣数和管瓣数的遗传力最大（分别为99.36%和99.07%）,而且具有较高的遗传进度（分别为168.59%和149.42%）,表明舌瓣数和管瓣数为加性遗传基因控制,可以在早世代进行直接选育。另外,相关性分析表明,5个花器性状之间均存在极显著的相关关系。

Genetic variability patterns and correlation analysis for cut-chrysanthemum with emphasis on inflorescence traits

Genetic improvement for target traits （flower head diameter, ray floret length, ray floret breadth, ray floret number and tubular disk floret number） in chrysanthemum （Dendranthema x grandiflora） was undertaken by determining the nature and amount of variability present in genotypes and the extent to which the desirable traits were heritable, as is commonly used in agronomic crops. A field experiment was conducted in Nanjing, from June 2006 to January 2007 （1） to assess the extent and pattern of diversity for 52 cut- chrysanthemum genotypes with emphasis on inflorescence traits as well as （2） to estimate their heritability in broad sense （h2） and genetic advance from selection of the different traits using variance and correlation analysis. Results showed that the phenotypic coefficient of variability ranged from 28.66% for flower head diameter to 82.63% for ray floret number, whereas the genotypic coefficient of variability varied from 28.20% for flower diameter to 82.10% for ray floret number. Generally, the phenotypic coefficient of variability was a little higher than genotypic coefficient of variability for each trait. All inflorescence traits exhibited 2 considerably high h2B （ 〉 96% ）. The highest two h,were ray floret number （99. 36% ） and tubular disk floret number （99.07%） , and there was a high genetic advance of 168.59% for ray floret number and 149.42% for tubular disk floret number. This indicated the presence of additive gene action, which suggested that direct selection was suitable for improvement of these two traits. A correlation analysis revealed a highly significant correlation （P 〈0.01） among the inflorescence traits investigated. Ch, 3 tab. 18 ref. ]