辣椒水肥一体化效应研究进展

在作物的生长过程中,水和肥是必不可少的两大要素,合理的灌溉和施肥对作物减投增效十分有利。传统的“大水大肥”方式不仅会降低水肥利用率,而且还加剧了农田土壤环境的污染问题。水肥一体化技术作为一项将水分和养分耦合运筹的新技术,可达到精准施肥、改善土壤环境、节水增产等目的,从而有效缓解资源与环境的矛盾问题,推动绿色农业的可持续发展。本文先综述了辣椒的生长发育、干物质积累、水肥利用、产量及品质指标对水肥一体化的响应,并针对该技术在农业生产中的实践应用,提出合理利用智能系统、多要素一体化技术和耦合模型规划建议,以期为水肥一体化在辣椒高产栽培中的应用提供参考。

Research Progress on Water and Fertilizer Integration in Pepper

In the process of crop growth, water and fertilizer are two essential elements. Reasonable irrigation and fertilization are very beneficial to crop reduction and efficiency increase. The traditional way of "flooding and fertilizing" will not only reduce the utilization rate of water and fertilizer, but also aggravate the pollution problem of farmland soil environment. Water-fertilizer integration technology, as a new technology of coupling water and nutrients, can achieve the purposes of precise fertilization, improving soil environment, saving water and increasing production, thus effectively alleviating the contradiction between resources and environment and promoting the sustainable development of green agriculture. Firstly, this paper summarized the response of pepper growth and development, dry matter accumulation, water and fertilizer utilization, yield and quality indicators to the integration of water and fertilizer, and put forward suggestions on rational utilization of intelligent system, multi-factor integration technology and coupling model planning aiming at the practical application of this technology in agricultural production, so as to provide reference for the application of the integration of water and fertilizer in pepper high-yield cultivation.