银杏壳中类黄酮的提取工艺研究

目的]研究银杏壳中类黄酮的提取工艺条件。方法]采用乙醇水溶液作提取溶剂来提取银杏壳中的类黄酮,通过单因素试验考察提取时间、乙醇浓度、料液比和提取温度等主要因素对银杏类黄酮提取的影响,并采用正交试验确定传统醇提取法和微波协同萃取法提取银杏壳中类黄酮的最佳工艺条件。结果]传统醇提取法的最佳条件为:提取温度为60℃,乙醇浓度为75%,料液比为1∶45(W/V,g/ml,下同),提取时间为2 h;在此条件下,类黄酮的得率为0.503 4%。微波法提取银杏壳中类黄酮的最佳条件为:微波温度为60℃,乙醇浓度45%,料液比1∶30,微波提取时间480 s;在此条件下,类黄酮得率为0.815%。结论]微波提取法操作极为简便迅速,是一种快速、高效、节能的新型提取工艺,与传统醇提法比较,有一定的优越性。

Extraction Technology of Flavonoids from Ginkgo biloba L Shells

Objective] To study the extraction technology of flavonoids from Ginkgo biloba L.shells.Method] With ethanol solution as the extraction solvent,flavonoids were extracted from G.biloba shells.Effects of ethanol concentration,solid-liquid ratio,extraction time and extraction temperature on the extraction rate of flavonoids were studied by single factor test.The optimal conditions of traditional ethanol extraction and microwave-assisted extraction were researched by orthogonal test.Result] The optimal condition of traditional ethanol extraction was as follows: 60 ℃ extraction temperature,75% ethanol concentration,1∶45 solid-liquid ratio(W/V,g/ml),and 2 h extraction time.Under this condition,the extraction rate of flavonoids reached 0.503 4%.The optimal condition of microwave-assisted extraction was as follows: 60 ℃ extraction temperature,45% ethanol concentration,1∶30 solid-liquid ratio,and 480 s extraction time.Under this condition,the extraction rate of flavonoids reached 0.815%.Conclusion] Microwave-assisted extraction was rapid,simple and high-efficient.As a new extraction technology,microwave-assisted extraction was superior to traditional ethanol extraction in certain extent.