旋翼/机翼转换式高速直升机RD15方案设计

首先对目前各种类型的高速直升机方案和提高前飞速度的新技术进行了综合比较和分析,在此基础上提出了一种旋翼/机翼转换式高速方案。然后,设计了高速直升机RD15的总体方案和直升机/飞机模式的转换过程。在该方案中,升力系统由盘翼和可收缩的桨叶组成;悬停和低速前飞时的控制采用单片桨叶控制技术;尾部采用矢量推力的涵道螺桨,不仅在悬停时提供方向控制,而且在飞机模式时提供高速前飞的推力和多种控制。最后,对此方案旋翼系统的气动特性和关键技术——直升机/飞机模式转换过程中盘翼的仰角、桨叶的长度、转速以及桨距等参数的变化进行了理论和试验研究,并建立了盘翼/旋翼系统的气动计算模型。计算和试验表明,该方案在直升机/飞机模式相互转化过程中升力、功率和操纵的改变能够实现平滑连续地过渡并保证操稳性。

RESEARCH ON SCHEME OF HIGH-SPEED ROTOR/WING TRANSITION HELICOPTER RD15

To analyze the existing schemes of high-speed rotorcrafts and some new technologies, a new conceptual sketch of the high-speed rotor/wing transition helicopter RD15 is proposed. The overall layout of the RD15 is given out and the transition process from the helicopter mode to the airplane mode is designed. The lift system consists of a circular disk-wing with four retractable blades. The technology of individual blade control is adopted for flight control in hover and low speed flight. The tail is a vectored thrust duct propeller. It can provide the anti-torque in hover, and offer the multi-directional controls and propulsion drive for the airplane mode flight. The aerodynamic characteristics and key technologies in the transition process for this layout, including the nose up angle of disk-wing, the length of the blade, rotation speed, pitch angle and other parameters, are theoretically analyzed and experimentally tested. Calculation and experiments show that the shift process of the lift, the power and controls are smooth, and the designed scheme is feasible.