华南主要土壤类型的光谱特性与土壤分类

本文研究了华南地区主要土壤的光谱反射特性，进行了土壤光谱的主组元分析、模糊聚类及与土壤理化性状作相关性分析，土壤光谱特征分类与现行中国土壤分类系统及中国土壤系数分类进行了比较对照。其主要结果表明，华南地区主要的光谱曲线的形态特征，主要表现为平直型（玄武岩发育砖红壤类）、缓斜型（水稻土类）和陡坎型（红、黄壤类）三种类型；土壤光谱分类与按母质母岩划分高度一致；应用主组元分析对土壤光谱进行分类，结果与现

SPECTRAL CHARACTERISTICS OF MAIN TYPES OF SOILS IN SOUTHERN CHINA AND SOIL CLASSIFICATION

This paper deals with the spectral characteristics of main types of soils in southern China. Meanwhile, using methods of principal component analysis (PCA) and fuzzy category, 33 samples are classified according to 10 spectral character indexs. The results are compared with traditional soil classification and Chinese Soil Taxonomic Classification. The relationships between the spectral characters and physical and chemical proparties of the soils have been also investigated. The results show that different soil groups give different spectral reflectance curves, including flat type of latosels developed from basalts, slope type of the paddy soils and steep type of red soils and yellow soils sequences; the suitability between soil spectral character classofication and parent material types is very high L and by the method of PCA, it can be found soil spectral classification is identical to traditional soil classification in some senses. Then, as paddy soils and andosols are deeply affected by natural zonal factors, they can be sorted into different groups of zonal soils. Using soil spectral characteristic indexes and other classification indexes (e.g. clay SiO₂/Al₂O₃ of subsoil, CEC, coarse silt/clay, etc.),the soils can be classified effectively, the results are consistent with those obtained based on Chinese Soil Taxonomic Classification. The soil spectral characteristic indexes is especially suitable to be used for the division of soil genus, and the suitability between soil spectral characteristic classification and soil genus classification is more than 83 percent.