巨桉种源家系多点遗传变异及选择比较

对4．5 a 生巨桉种源／家系3个试验点共13个种源175个家系的生长和形质性状进行遗传分析。结果表明：所有观测性状在地点、区组和家系间均呈极显著差异（P ＜0．01），胸径在种源间差异极显著（P ＜0．01），树高、干形、分枝和冠幅在种源间差异不显著；树高和胸径变异系数在地点间差异不大，冠幅表型变异系数为45％～60％，江西南康的分枝变异系数高达34％，广东连山的分枝变异系数仅15％，总体上广东连山试验点各性状变异系数略低于江西南康和云南景谷，冠幅遗传变异系数＞胸径＞树高＞干形＞分枝，景谷点参试性状遗传力＞连山点＞南康点；相关性分析表明：生长性状间、生长性状与冠幅、生长性状与部分形质指标均呈极显著正相关（P ＜0．01）；利用综合指数选择法，筛选1号（昆士兰州 NW Townsille）、2号（昆士兰州 Copperlode）和12号（四川乐山）为优良种源，2号（昆士兰州 Copperlode）、21号（昆士兰州 Barron Gorge National Park）、40号（昆士兰州 Koombooloomba）、51号（昆士兰州 Tinaroo）、125号（昆士兰州 Bambaroo）、127号（昆士兰州 Bambaroo）、137号（昆士兰州 Bambaroo）和144号（昆士兰州Tully Gorge National Park）等家系在两个试验点中同时表现优良，但没有家系同时在3个试验点中表现突出。

Variation Analysis and Selection for Eucalyptus grandis Provenances and Families in Multiple-sites

In order to analyze variation and select Eucalyptus grandis provenances,the traits of 175 families from 13 provenences were analyzed.The results showed that there were significant differences(P <0.01)on studied traits among sites,blocks and families while there were significant differences(P <0.01 )on diameter at breast height among provenances.The variation of height and diameter at breast height was not significant.The variation of crown ranged from 45% to 60%.The branch variation in Nankang and Lianshan was 34% and 15%.In general,the variation of studied traits in Lianshan was lower than that of Nankang and Jinggu.Furthermore,the variation of crown >the variation of diameter at breast height >the variation of height >the variation of stem form >the variation of branch and the repeatability in Jinggu >the repeatability in Lianshan >the repeatability in Nankang. The correlation analysis showed that there were significant positive correlations among growth traits,growth traits and crown,growth traits and quality traits(P <0.01).No.1 (N W Townsille,QLD),2(Copperlode,QLD)and 12 (Leshan,Sichuan)were selected as good provenance by comprehensive index.No.2(Copperlode,QLD),No.21 (Barron Gorge National Park, QLD ), No.40 (Koombooloomba, QLD ), No.51 (Tinaroo, QLD ), No.125 (Bambaroo,QLD),No.127(Bambaroo,QLD),No.137(Bambaroo,QLD)and No.144(Tully Gorge National Park,QLD)were selected as superior families in two sites whereas there was no families showed good growth performance in all three sites.