葡萄杂交后代主要经济性状的遗传倾向

通过对10个杂交组合与5个自交后代801个株系的遗传变异分析结果表明:果粒重量、含糖量和含酸量的遗传均符合数量性状连续变异的遗传特点。子代果粒重量小于亲本值,并趋向小粒亲本,出现超高亲个体的比例较低,平均遗传传递力为70.34％。欧美杂交种品种间杂交和欧亚种与欧美杂交种间杂交传递力高于欧亚种品种间杂交;可溶性固形物含量均值接近亲本值,超高亲比例大,表明含糖量遗传中加性效应较大,在后代中选择高含糖量单株的潜力大,组合传递力为101.7％,欧美杂交种品种问杂交传递能力较弱,而欧亚种与欧美杂交种杂交,性状传递能力较强;含酸量的遗传中含有较大比例的负向非加性效应,子代含酸量大大高于亲本值,后代含酸量普遍升高,超低亲单株比例低,选择难度较大。平均组合传递力为134％,欧亚种品种问杂交遗传传递力高于欧美杂交种品种间和欧亚种与欧美杂交种种间杂交。

Studies on the Inheritance Trend of the Main Economic Characteristics of Crossed Grape Progeny

Studies were carried out with 801 seedlings, of 10 crossed and 5 self-crossed combinations for analyzing the inheritance trend of their main economic characteristics. Results showed that the genetic pattern of berry weight, soluble solids content, acids content were accorded with the pattern of quantitative character and continuous variation genetic character. The progeny berry weight was less than that of parents, tended to the smaller berry parents. The proportion surpassed the parent was low. The average heritability was 70.34%. The inheritability of the combinations crossed between the hybrid cul tivars of European and American grapes, and the combinations crossed between Vitis viniferaxEuropean or American grapes was higher than that of combinations crossed among V. vinifera cultivars. Progeny soluble solids content was almost equal to parents' , and the proportion surpassed parents' was higher. It also showed that the additive effect was great in soluble solids content inheritance, so it was easy to select high soluble solids content seedlings in the progenies. The average heritability was 101.7%. The characteristics inheritability of the progenies of European and American crossbreed combinations was low, but the characteristic inheritance capacity of the crossed combination of V. viniferaxEuropean and American grapes was high. There were large proportions of negative non-additive effect in acid content inheritance. The acid content of progeny was higher than parents and progeny acid content increased largely. The proportion of surpassed parents' was low, so it was difficult to select the low acid content selections. The average heritability was 134%. The inheritability of V. vinifera cultivars was higher than that of the progenies crossed among European and American cultivars and V.viniferaxEuropean and American cultivars.