牛蒡子与牛蒡子苷对小鼠骨骼肌cAMP及其磷酸二酯酶活性和生长性能的影响

 【目的】观察中药牛蒡子及其主要成分牛蒡子苷对小鼠骨骼肌cAMP磷酸二酯酶(cAMP PDE)活性和cAMP含量、血浆cAMP含量与生长性能的影响,探讨促进动物生长的作用及机理。【方法】断奶ICR小鼠分别灌服不同剂量的牛蒡子煎剂：1.00、0.50、0.25 g/只,牛蒡子苷溶液：1.50、0.75、0.38 mg/只和阳性对照茶碱溶液：0.75、0.38、0.19 mg/只。记录体重和采食量,采用HPLC和ELISA法分别测定骨骼肌组织cAMP PDE活性和血浆cAMP含量。【结果】1.00 g和0.50 g的牛蒡子煎剂和3个剂量的牛蒡子苷显著或极显著降低采食量;除0.38 mg的牛蒡子苷外,各剂量给药组都显著或极显著促进增重;各剂量的牛蒡子、牛蒡子苷和茶碱都极显著提高饲料转化率(P＜0.05,P＜0.01,或P＜0.001)。各剂量的牛蒡子、牛蒡子苷和茶碱都显著或极显著抑制cAMP PDE活性;除1.5 mg的牛蒡子苷外,都显著或极显著提高骨骼肌组织cAMP含量,除0.75 mg茶碱外,都显著或极显著提高血浆cAMP含量(P＜0.05,P＜0.01,或P＜0.001)。骨骼肌cAMP含量与cAMP PDE活性呈极显著负相关,r = -0.402(P＜0.001),血浆cAMP含量与骨骼肌cAMP含量呈极显著正相关性,r =0.553(P＜0.001),与cAMP PDE活性呈负相关,r =-0.436(P＞0.05)。【结论】牛蒡子和牛蒡子苷通过抑制骨骼肌cAMP PDE活性,提高骨骼肌和血浆cAMP水平,提高动物生长性能。

Effects of Fructus Arctii and Arctiin on cAMP and cAMP Phosphodiesterase Activity in Mouse Skeletal Muscle and on Growth Performance

【Objective】 To understand the effects and mechanism of Fructus Arctii and arctiin on promoting animal growth, cAMP PDE activity and cAMP content in skeletal muscle, plasma cAMP content, and growth performance of mouse were observed. 【Method】 ICR mice were intragastricly administered respectively with 1.00, 0.50 and 0.25 g/mouse of Fructus Arctii, 1.50, 0.75 and 0.38 mg/mouse of arctiin, and 0.75, 0.38 and 0.19 mg/mouse of theophylline which was used as a positive control. Body weight and food intake were recorded. Cyclic AMP PDE activity and cAMP content in skeletal muscle and plasma cAMP content were assayed by HPLC and ELISA. 【Result】 Food intake was significantly reduced by Fructus Arctii with 1.00 and 0.5 g and arctiin with three doses; body weight gain was noticeably increased by Fructus Arctii, arctiin and theophylline in all doses except 0.38 mg of arctiin; transform efficiency of food was extremely higher in all treated group than in control group (P＜0.05, P＜0.01 or P＜0.001). Cyclic AMP PDE activity was significantly inhibited by all doses of Fructus Arctii, arctiin and theophylline; cAMP content in skeletal muscle was markedly increased in all groups except 1.50 mg of arctiin; plasma cAMP content was significantly higher than the control group except 0.75 mg of theophylline (P＜0.05, P＜0.01 or P＜0.001). Moreover, cAMP content in skeletal muscle was correlated with cAMP PDE activity with r =-0.402 (P＜0.001); plasma cAMP concentration was correlated with cAMP concentration with r =0.553 (P＜0.001), and was correlated with cAMP PDE activity with r =-0.436 (P＞0.05). 【Conclusion】 These results suggested that mouse growth performance was promoted by Fructus Arctii and arctiin through inhibiting skeletal muscle cAMP PDE activity and increasing skeletal muscle and plasma cAMP level.