高温干旱季节茶园覆盖遮荫的综合效应研究

夏、秋季高温低湿期选择金萱、白叶单丛、英红九号3个茶树品种生产茶同进行覆盖黑色遮阳网试验,探讨了遮荫对茶园田间气候因子、茶树生理、茶叶产量及品质的影响.结果表明,通过遮荫处理,茶园的田间气温、极端高温、温度日较差、光照强度均显著降低,空气湿度明显增加,田间气候明显改善;茶鲜叶中的苦涩味物质茶多酚、咖啡碱含量降低,氨基酸含量显著增加,酚氨比值显著降低,茶叶品质明显改善.但在实际生产中,茶园遮荫需根据茶树品种的耐荫特性确定适宜的遮光度和遮荫时间,否则将影响茶树光合作用和茶叶产量.

Synthetical effects of shading on tea plantation during the high-temperature and drought season

The productional tea platation which planted varieties of Jinxuan,Baiyedancong and Yinghongjiuhao was shaded with black sunshade materials during high-temperature and drought season.The synthetical effects of field climatic factors,tea physiology,tea production and quality after using sunshade measures on tea plants were inspected.The results showed that,through shading field temperature,light intensity and max-temperature were significantly lower,a significant increase in air humidity,so field climate improved significantly through shading measures;bitter substances content such as tea polyphenols and caffeine in tea young sprout decreased significantly,but amino acid content improved significantly,ratio of tea polyphenols to amino acid decreased significantly,so the quality of tea improved obviously.It is important to note that in practical application,it should choose appropriate shading degrees and shading time according to shade-tolerant characteristics of tea varieties,otherwise it would affect the tea photosynthesis and tea yields.