农田土壤中六溴环十二烷的污染过程以及生物修复方法研究进展

六溴环十二烷(Hexabromocyclododecane,HBCD)是一种广泛使用的添加型阻燃剂,其具有持久性、生物积累性、生物毒性以及可远距离迁移性等特点。HBCD不会直接施用于农田土壤,但会随着一系列的环境行为进入其中并被土壤有机质吸附,使土壤成为HBCD的"汇"。土壤中的微生物和植物等生物活动会使HBCD进入生物链并对人类健康造成威胁。土壤生物修复方法具有修复成本低、操作简单、高效安全等特性,符合农田土壤绿色发展的目标导向,越来越多地被应用到土壤修复当中。本文重点阐述了农田土壤中HBCD的污染过程,包括污染源、环境行为,并对HBCD的生物修复方法进行了总结分析,以期为农田土壤中HBCD的高效阻控以及污染土壤的绿色修复提供有益参考。

Contamination and bioremediation of Hexabromocyclododecane(HBCD) in agricultural soils: A review

Hexabromocyclododecane(HBCD) is a widely used additive in brominated flame retardants(BFRs) and is known to be persistent, bio-accumulable, toxic to ecosystems, and capable of being transported over long distances. Although HBCD is not applied directly to agricultural soils, it can enter soil via a series of environmental routes and be adsorbed by soil organic matters. It could also pose a threat to human health via bioaccumulation through the food chain. Bioremediation has increasingly been applied as a soil remediation technique because it is low cost, easy to use, highly efficient, highly safe in the environment, and supports the goal of developing agricultural soil in a green manner. This study summarized and analyzed the process by which HBCD pollutes agricultural soil, including via its sources and environmental behaviors, and the bioremediation methods to mitigate it, aiming to provide a useful reference for the effective control of HBCD in agricultural soils and the green remediation of soil pollution.