广东省海洋牧场发展现状、问题与对策

【目的】健全的农业保险体系对规避或分散农业经营风险、推动农业现代化发展起着重要作用，探究农业保险与农业现代化之间的耦合协调以及灰色关联性，对加快实现农业高质量发展至关重要。【方法】基于 2010—2019 年山东省农业保险与农业现代化的相关数据，运用耦合协调度模型，揭示两大体系之间的耦合互动关系，并采用灰色关联法分析农业保险对农业现代化发展的影响。【结果】山东省农业保险和农业现代化的综合发展指数均呈上升态势；农业保险与农业现代化的耦合协调程度由严重失调逐渐趋好到优质协调状态，耦合度由 2010 年的 0.329 上升至 2019 年的 0.875，改善明显；农业保险体系各指标与农业现代化总体指标的灰色关联度较高，均在 0.7 以上，其中农险保费收入在财产险保费收入的占比、农险保费收入深度以及农险保费收入与农业现代化的关联性较高，是主要的影响因素。【结论】提出完善市场化的农业保险机制和提升服务管理水平、加大农业保险宣传力度和扩大农险覆盖面、推动农业保险与农业现代化融合协调发展等对策建议。

Development Status, Problems and Countermeasuresof Marine Ranching in Guangdong Province

By means of literature review and field investigation in the sea area, the development and current situation of marine ranching at home and abroad are summarized, and the construction process of artificial fish reefs, proliferation and releasing and national marine ranching demonstration areas in Guangdong as well as the development status and existing problems of marine ranching related industries are analyzed. Guangdong has built 50 ecological artificial reef areas, 3 largescale artificial reef demonstration areas, 1 local artificial reef area and 15 national marine ranching areas, with a total sea area of 1 499.68 km2, and 2.004 million m3 of reefs being built. However, at present, there are some problems in Guangdong marine ranching, such as imperfect management mechanism, inconsistence in development concept and understanding, unclear rights and responsibilities in using sea area, lack of construction technology standards and specifications, low scientific and technological level and limited industrial development. Based on these problems, countermeasures for the development of marine ranching in Guangdong Province are put forward: insisting on ecology-prioritized development, and strengthening the coordination of multiple departments; creating a management mode conducive to market-oriented operation; break through the issue of sea area ownership; establishing a technical standard system for marine ranch construction in Guangdong; increasing the research on the basis of high-quality construction and key common technologies of Guangdong marine ranching; establishing industrialization modes of Guangdong m arine ranching according to local conditions. Understanding the development status of marine ranching in Guangdong and exploring the development strategies of marine ranching industry by referring to the relevant experience at home and abroad can provide references for the effective management, efficient and sustainable development of marine ranching in Guangdong and the integration of three industries in the development of marine ranching in Guangdong.